The Gevrey smoothing effect for the spatially inhomogeneous Boltzmann equations without cut-off (Q2115294)

In this paper, the authors are interested in the Gevrey regularization effect for the spatially inhomogeneous Boltzmann equation \[\partial_t F+v\cdot\partial_x F=Q(F,F),\quad F_{|t=0}=F_0, \tag{1}\] where \(F(t,x,v)\) is a probability density function with a given datum \(F_0\) at \(t=0\), \(x\) and \(v\) stand respectively for the spatial and the velocity variables, and where \(Q\) is a bilinear operator corresponding to the collision part which is supposed to act only on the velocity, so that Eq. (1) is degenerated in \(x\). Assuming besides that \(F_0\) is determined by the normalized Maxwellian distribution, they prove that any solution of Eq. (1) with mild regularity will become smooth in the Gevrey class at positive time with the Gevrey index depending on the angular singularity. The approach used by the authors is based both on the symbolic calculus for the collision operator, and on the global subelliptic estimate for the Cauchy problem of the linearized Boltzmann operator.