Twisted Dolbeault cohomology of nilpotent Lie algebras (Q2120895)

A Hermitian metric \(g\) on a complex manifold of complex dimension \(n \geq 2\) is called locally conformally Kähler (LCK) manifold if its associated Hermitian form \(\omega\) satisfies the condition \(d \omega = \theta \wedge \omega\), for a closed \(1\)-form \(\theta\). Given a closed \(1\)-form \(\theta\) on a complex manifold, the operator \(d - \theta\) defines a connection on the trivial bundle. Let \(L\) be the corresponding local system. One can define in a natural way the twisted Dolbeault differentials \(\partial_{\theta}:= (d_{\theta})^{1,0} = \partial - \theta^{1,0}\) and \( \overline \partial_{\theta}:= (d_{\theta})^{0,1} = \overline \partial - \theta^{0,1}\), which are the Morse-Novikov counterparts to the usual Dolbeault differentials. The cohomology of these differentials corresponds to the Dolbeault cohomology with coefficients in the holomorphic line bundle \(L_{\mathbb C}\), obtained as complexification of the local system \(L\). In the paper the authors study the existence of LCK structures on complex nilmanifolds \((M, J)\), where \(M\) is a quotient of a real nilpotent Lie group \(G\) by a discrete co-compact subgroup \(\Gamma\) and \(J\) is induced by a left-invariant complex structure on \(G\). The de Rham cohomology of a nilmanifold \(\Gamma \backslash G\) is isomorphic to the Chevalley-Eilenberg of the Lie algebra \(\mathfrak g\) of \(G\), but it is known that the Dolbeault cohomology of a complex nilmanifold is isomorphic to the Dolbeault cohomology of the associated nilpotent Lie algebra only for special types of complex structures, like for instance the rational complex structures. In the paper the authors prove a Dolbeault version of Dixmier's and Alaniya's theorem, showing that the Dolbeault cohomology \(H^{0,p} ( \mathfrak{g}, L)\) of a nilpotent Lie algebra with coefficients in any non-trivial 1-dimensional local system vanishes. As application they show that the analogous isomorphism for the twisted version of the Dolbeault cohomology of a complex nilmanifold does not hold. Moreover, they give a new proof of the characterization of LCK nilmanifolds.