Hopf algebra structure on free Rota-Baxter algebras by angularly decorated rooted trees (Q2141095)

\textit{T. Zhang}, \textit{X. Gao} and \textit{L. Guo} [J. Math. Phys. 57, No. 10, 101701, 16 p. (2016; Zbl 1351.81076)] proved that free Rota-Baxter algebras are bialgebras, with a coproduct making the Rota-Baxter operators 1-cocycles. This article gives an explicit, combinatorial description of this coproduct. For this, it uses Ebrahimi-Fard and Guo's description of free Rota-Baxter algebras in terms of angularly decorated rooted forests. The description of the coproduct uses a notion of subforest and is comparable to the Connes and Kreimer's coproduct on rooted forests given by admissible cuts. It is also proved that free Rota-Baxter algebras are Hopf algebras by an connectedness argument.