Conformal field theory at the lattice level: discrete complex analysis and Virasoro structure (Q2172801)

The authors of this study concentrate on two basic probabilistic lattice models: the discrete Gaussian free field (dGFF) and the Ising model. They consider lattice models to be precursors of field theories. The authors provide a quick overview of some essential concepts in Conformal field theory (CFT), particularly the Virasoro algebra. Let \(\mathcal{F}_{\mathcal{G}}\) denote the space of lattice local fields of the dGFF, modulo its null fields, and let \(\mathcal{F}_{\mathcal{I}}\) denote the space of lattice local fields of the critical Ising model, modulo its null fields. Informally, the paper's main theorem is as follows. Theorem. The Sugawara constructions of the Virasoro modes of the dGFF and of the critical Ising model can be naturally and exactly realized at the lattice level on the space \(\mathcal{F}_{\mathcal{G}}\) and \(\mathcal{F}_{\mathcal{I}}\) respectively, by considering discrete complex Laurent modes of the lattice current and lattice fermion, respectively. Then, for the dGFF and the Ising model, the authors implement the Virasoro mode operators \(L_n\), \(n\in \mathbb{Z}\), at the lattice level. For example, they prove that the operators \(\left(L^{G}_n\right)_{n\in \mathbb{Z}}\) form a representation of the Virasoro algebra with central charge \(c = 1\).