Topological computation of some Stokes phenomena on the affine line (Q2188226)

Let \(\mathcal{M}\) be a holonomic algebraic \(\mathcal{D}\)-module on the affine line \(\mathbb{V}\). The Fourier-Laplace transform \(\hat{\mathcal{M}}\) of \(\mathcal{M}\) is a holonomic \(\mathcal{D}\)-module on the dual affine line \(\mathbb{V}^*\). The Riemann-Hilbert correspondence associates to \(\mathcal{M}\) the enhanced ind-sheaf \(F\) of its enhanced holomorphic solutions. By functoriality, the Riemann-Hilbert correspondence interchanges the Fourier-Laplace transform for holonomic \(\mathcal{D}\)-modules with the Fourier-Sato transform for enhanced ind-sheaves. Hence if \(F\) is defined over a subfield of \(\mathbb{C}\), then so is the enhanced ind-sheaf \(K\) associated with the Fourier-Laplace transform of \(\mathcal{M}\). Malgrange gave a complete description of the Fourier-Laplace transform \(\hat{\mathcal{M}}\), including its Stokes multipliers at infinity, in terms of the quiver of \(\mathcal{M}\). Let \(F\) be the perverse sheaf of holomorphic solutions to \(\mathcal{M}\). By the irregular Riemann-Hilbert correspondence, \(\hat{\mathcal{M}}\) is determined by the enhanced Fourier-Sato transform (EFST) of \(F\). The authors recover Malgrange's result in a purely topological way, by computing the EFST of \(F\) using Borel-Moore cycles. They also consider some cases when \(\mathcal{M}\) is irregular, (e.~g. the case of the Airy equation), where the cycles are related to steepest descent paths.