Diminished Fermat-type arrangements and unexpected curves (Q2208992)

In the paper under review, the authors provide an infinite family of point configurations in the complex projective plane that allows to construct an infinite sequence of unexpected curves. Loosely speaking, a finite set of mutually distinct points \(Z\) in the complex projective plane admits an unexpected curve if putting an additional point \(P\) of multiplicity \(m\) on the linear series of curves of degree \(d\) vanishing at the all points of \(Z\) imposes less conditions than expected. Along the lines with the above description, a set \(Z \subset \mathbb{P}^{2}_{\mathbb{C}}\) has the \(U(d,m)\) property if the number of conditions imposed by a general point of multiplicity \(m\) on forms of degree \(d\) vanishing along \(Z\) is less than expected. In the paper under review, the authors focus on the following construction. Consider the Fermat line arrangement in the complex projective plane given by the linear factors of the following defining polynomial: \[F_{m} = (x^{m} - y^{m})(y^{m} - z^{m})(z^{m}-x^{m})\] with \(m\geq 3\). The singular points \(S_{m}\) of this arrangement are the union of a complete intersection grid \(W_{m}\) given by the ideal \(I(W_{m}) = \langle x^{m} - y^{m}, x^{m}-z^{m} \rangle\) and the three coodinate points \(X = \{X_1 , X_2, X_3 \}\). Let us consider the sets \(Z_{m}\) defined as the set difference of \(S_{2m}\) and \(W_{m}\). Main Result: For \(m\geq 3\) the sets \(Z_{m}\) have the \(U(2m+1,3)\)-property. Moreover, the authors describe the so-called BMSS dual curve providing its explicit equation.