Analytic capacity and projections (Q2216755)

The paper deals with the analytic capacity of a set and its connection to the size of its orthogonal projections. Given a set \(E \subseteq \mathbb{C}\), the analytic capacity of \(E\) is \[ \gamma(E)\equiv \sup |f'(\infty)|\, , \] where the supremum is taken over all the analytic functions \(f \colon \mathbb{C}\setminus E \to \mathbb{C}\) with \(|f| \leq 1\) on \(\mathbb{C}\setminus E\) and \[ f'(\infty)\equiv \lim_{z \to \infty }z (f(z)-f(\infty))\, . \] The authors prove that if \(E\) is a compact subset of \(\mathbb{C}\) and \(\mu\) is a Borel measure supported on \(E\), then \[ \gamma(E) \geq c \frac{\mu(E)^2}{\int_I \|P_\theta \mu\|_2^2d\theta}\, , \] where \(c\) is some positive constant, \(I\) is a an arbitrary interval contained in \([0,\pi)\), \(P_\theta\) is the orthogonal projection onto the line \(\{re^{i\theta}\colon r \in \mathbb{R}\}\), and \(P_\theta \mu\) is the image measure of \(\mu\) by \(P_\theta\). The authors also prove a generalization to higher dimensions involving related capacities associated to signed Riesz kernels.