Bi-center problem and Hopf cyclicity of a cubic Liénard system (Q2278520)

The authors consider the bi-center problem and Hopf cyclicity of the Liénard system \begin{align*} & \frac{dx}{dt}=-y, \\ & \frac{dy}{dt}=g(x)-f(x)y, \\ \end{align*} which has 3 distinct equilibria and \(f(x)={{c}_{0}}+{{c}_{1}}x+{{c}_{2}}{{x}^{2}}+{{c}_{3}}{{x}^{3}}\), \(g(x)={{b}_{0}}+{{b}_{1}}x+{{b}_{2}}{{x}^{2}}+{{b}_{3}}{{x}^{3}}\). Necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of bi-centers are obtained. It is proved that total Hopf cyclicity is not more than 4 and not less than 2.