Operators acting in the dual spaces of discrete Cesàro spaces (Q2297598)

For \(x \in \mathbb{C}^{\mathbb{N}}\), set \(|x| = (|x_n|)_n\). The Cesàro operator \(C: \mathbb{C}^{\mathbb{N}} \longrightarrow \mathbb{C}^{\mathbb{N}}\) is given by \(C(x) := (\frac1n \sum_{k=1}^n x_k)_n\). Then, for \(1 < p< \infty\), the Cesàro sequence space is defined as \[ \hbox{ces}(p):= \{ x \in \mathbb{C}^{\mathbb{N}}: \|C(|x|)\|_{\ell_p} < \infty\}. \] In this paper, the dual space \(d(s)\) of Cesàro sequence space is investigated. Namely, \(d(s) \subseteq d(t)\) whenever \(s \leq t\), with the inclusion being compact if \(s < t\). The Cesàro operator from \(d(s)\) into \(d(t)\) is continuous precisely when \(s \leq t\) and compact precisely when \(s < t\). These results are used to analyze the spectrum and to determine the norm and the mean ergodicity of \(C\) acting in \(d(s)\).