Categorical relations between Langlands dual quantum affine algebras: doubly laced types (Q2313413)

Let \(\mathfrak{g}^{(r)}\) be a twisted affine Lie algebra. This algebra, under the name Dynkin-Kac, is of type \[ A^{(2)}_{2n-1} = \widetilde{B}^t_n, \quad D^{(2)}_{n+1} = \widetilde{C}^t_n, \quad E^{(2)}_{6} = \widetilde{F}^t_4, \quad D^{(3)}_{4} = \widetilde{G}^t_2. \] Denote by \({}^L\mathfrak{g}^{(r)}\) its Langland dual; while \(\mathfrak{g}^{(1)}\) denotes the untwisted version of \(\mathfrak{g}^{(r)}\), and \(\mathfrak{g}\) is its simple Lie subalgebra. Let \(\mathcal{C}_{\mathfrak{a}}\) be the category of finite dimensional integrable modules over the quantum affine algebra \(U'_q(\mathfrak{a})\), and let \([\mathcal{C}_{\mathfrak{a}}]\) be its Grothendieck ring. There are ring isomorphisms \[ {}[\mathcal{C}_{\mathfrak{g}^{(1)}}] \simeq [\mathcal{C}_{\mathfrak{g}^{(r)}}] \simeq [\mathcal{C}_{{}^L\mathfrak{g}^{(r)}}], \tag{1} \] following [\textit{E. Frenkel} and \textit{D. Hernandez}, Lett. Math. Phys. 96, No. 1--3, 217--261 (2011; Zbl 1222.17014)] and [\textit{D. Hernandez}, Int. Math. Res. Not. 2010, No. 1, 149--193 (2010; Zbl 1242.17017)]. For now on we assume that \(\mathfrak{g}^{(r)}\) is of type \(\widetilde{B}^t_n\) or \(\widetilde{C}^t_n\) (and hence \(r\) is always 2, and that \({}^L\mathfrak{g}^{(r)}\) is of type \(B^{(1)}_n\) or \({C}^{(1)}_n\)). Using the so-called Schur-Weyl functor via quiver Hecke algebras, there are simplicity-preserving isomorphisms between proper subcategories as below: \[ \mathcal{C}_{\mathfrak{g}^{(1)}} \supsetneq \mathcal{C}_Q^{(1)} \simeq \mathcal{C}_{Q'}^{(2)} \subsetneq \mathcal{C}_{\mathfrak{g}^{(r)}}, \] where \(\mathfrak{g} = A_n\) or \(D_n\), \(Q,Q'\) are quivers of type \(A_n\) or \(D_n\), \(\mathcal{C}_Q^{(1)}\) is Hernandez-Leclerc's subcategory which categorifies the integral form of the negative quantum group \(\left.U^-_{\mathbb{A}}(\mathfrak{g})^\vee\right|_{q=1}\) at the specialization \(q=1\); while \(\mathcal{C}_{Q'}^{(2)}\) is its twisted analogue following [\textit{S.-J. Kang} et al., Compos. Math. 151, No. 2, 377--396 (2015; Zbl 1366.17014)]. The main results of this paper are regarding the counterpart for the second isomorphism in Equation (1) They define certain subcategory \(\mathscr{C}_{\mathscr{Q}} \subset \mathcal{C}_{{}^L\mathfrak{g}^{(r)}}\) for any twisted adapted class \([\mathscr{Q}]\) of finite type \(A_{2n-1}\) or \(D_{n+1}\), and prove in Theorem 6.2 that, for \(t = 1,2\), \[ \mathcal{C}_{\mathfrak{g}^{(t)}} \supsetneq \mathcal{C}_Q^{(t)} \xrightarrow{\text{exact}} \mathscr{C}_{\mathscr{Q}} \subsetneq \mathcal{C}_{\mathfrak{g}^{(r)}}, \quad [\mathcal{C}_Q^{(t)}] \simeq [\mathscr{C}_{\mathscr{Q}}] \] Moreover, this exact functor sends simples to simples (Theorem 6.5). Their methods utilize combinatorics of Auslander-Reiten quivers. The authors conjecture that these results generalize to the other two families of twisted affine Lie algebras of type \(E^{(2)}_{6} = \widetilde{F}^t_4, D^{(3)}_{4} = \widetilde{G}^t_2\).