Semigroups and their lattice of congruences. II (Q2365281)

Let \(C(S)\) denote the congruence lattice of a semigroup \(S\). This paper is a survey on congruence lattices of semigroups and it is the continuation and the supplement of the author's earlier paper [part I, Semigroup Forum 26, 1-63 (1983; Zbl 0513.20047)]. In other words the author adds the results which were omitted in the earlier paper and also new results found after 1983. There are six sections. Section 1. General Semigroups. The following are treated: the properties of \(C(S)\), namely, the relation between semimodularity, strong semimodularity and \(M\)-symmetry, the study of varieties of semigroups based on \(C(S)\), ideal extensions by nil semigroups, atomistic \(C(S)\), complemented \(C(S)\), globally idempotent \(S^2=S\), a semilattice of certain special semigroups (for example, simple semigroups, archimedean semigroups, Putcha), \(RC\)-commutative \(E\)-\(m\) semigroups \(S\), medial semigroups, permutable medial \(S\), weakly exponential \(S\), duo-semigroups \(S\), \(N^p\)-semigroups \(S\). Section 2. Commutative Semigroups \(S\). There are the detailed study of \(C(S)\) in which \(S\) is a direct product of cyclic semigroups, atomistic \(C(S)\), relatively complemented \(C(S)\), Boolean \(C(S)\), complemented \(C(S)\), the description of separative \(S\) with modular (distributive) \(C(S)\) and archimedean \(S\) with distributive \(C(S)\), permutable \(C(S)\) and simple \(C(S)\). Section 3. Semilattices \(S\). In this section, \(M\)-symmetric \(C(S)\), upper-bounded \(C(S)\), atomistic \(C(S)\), dually semimodular \(C(S)\). Section 4. Regular Semigroups \(S\). In this section the following are discussed: the investigation of \(C(S)\) of regular semigroups \(S\) without using semilattice decomposition, regular \(S\) satisfying the minimal condition for idempotents or completely regular and \(C(S)\) semimodular or strong semimodular or \(M\)-symmetric or modular (or distributive), a characterization of regular \(S\) with strong semimodular \(C(S)\) satisfying the descending chain condition, \(S\) a band of groups, locally inverse \(S\) satisfying the minimal condition for idempotents or \(S\) a normal band of groups and \(C(S)\) modular (or distributive), strict regular semigroup \(S\) and \(C(S)\) in a variety of modular lattices, completely (0-)simple \(S\), completely regular \(S\) and permutable \(C(S)\), \(S\) a normal band of groups and \(\theta\)-modular \(C(S)\), \(S\) a strong semilattice of regular simple semigroups and \(C(S)\) strongly semimodular, or \(C(S)\) complemented, or \(C(S)\) Boolean, \(S\) orthodox and \(C(S)\) complemented (or sectionally complemented, or relatively complemented or complemented modular or Boolean), and \(S\) \(E\)-solid regular. Section 5. Inverse Semigroups \(S\). In this section the following are described: varieties of \(S\) with strong semimodular \(C(S)\), \(S\) with the minimal condition for idempotents and modular \(C(S)\), finite perfect \(S\), the case of the semilattice \(E_S\) of idempotents in a tree or locally finite tree; \(S\) bisimple inverse \(\omega\)-semigroups, \(S\) inverse \(\omega\)-semigroup, \(S\) simple inverse \(\omega\)-semigroups, where modular \(C(S)\) is considered, or \(C(S)\) permutable, \(S\) Clifford-semigroup and \(C(S)\) permutable, \(S\) simple inverse \(\omega\)-semigroup and \(C(S)\) semimodular, \(S\) strict inverse, \(S\) combinatorial strict inverse, and so on. Section 6. Groups. Four results are described. The development of research on congruence lattices and semigroups contributed by many semigroupists and the author's great work organizing the results into this survey are highly recommended.