A characterization of reduced forms of linear differential systems (Q2376589)

Let \(F\) be an ordinary differential field of a characteristic zero and \(C\) be a field of constants of \(F\). In the paper a linear differential equation \[ Y'=AY,\quad A\in M_F(n) \tag{1} \] is discussed. Let \(G\subset \mathrm{GL}_C(n)\) be the Galois group of the equation (1) and \(\mathfrak g\) be the Lie algebra of \(G\). The authors call a matrix \(B\in M_{\overline{F}}(n)\) a reduced form of matrix \(A\) if \(B\in \mathfrak g\). The matrices \(A\) and \(B\) are connected by the transition (gauge) matrix \(T\in \mathrm{GL}_{\overline{F}}(n)\). The problem of finding the transition matrix \(T\) is solved in the paper. In many interesting cases (for example, if \(G/G^0\) is commutative and the set of differential Galois cohomologies for \(G^0\) is trivial) \(T\) lies in an extension of the field \(F\) by radicals. For such cases an effective algorithm for computing \(T\) is given in the paper.