Local integrability and linearizability of a \((1:-1:-1)\) resonant quadratic system (Q2408668)

Studies of integrability and linearizability of three-dimensional systems of ordinary differential equations with diagonal linear part have for the most part been confined to Lotka-Volterra type systems. In a departure from that pattern the object of study here is the family of systems \[ \begin{aligned} \dot x = x + a_{12} xy + a_{13} xz + a_{23} yz, \\ \dot y = -y + b_{12} xy + b_{13} xz + b_{23} yz, \\ \dot z = -z + c_{12} xy + c_{13} xz + c_{23} yz.\end{aligned} \] The authors find necessary and sufficient conditions for complete integrability (the simultaneous existence of two functionally independent analytic first integrals in a neighborhood of the origin) and for linearizability. Necessity of the conditions is established by computation of certain ``focus quantities'' and a decomposition of the variety that they determine in the space of parameters; sufficiency is established using Darboux factors to construct Darboux first integrals. The authors also address the issue of the existence of a single first integral of the form \(\psi(x, y, z) = xy + O(|x, y, z|^3)\). Insuperable computational difficulties limit the results, even with the use of modular arithmetic and other techniques.