Characterization of splitting for Fréchet--Hilbert spaces via interpolation (Q2458840)

Splitting of exact sequences of locally convex spaces has been studied intensively in recent years with interesting relations to the structural theory of Fréchet spaces and to classical problems in analysis (e.g., to the splitting of complexes of partial differential operators or to the Whitney problem). Generally speaking, the problem is to characterize those pairs \((E, F)\) of locally convex spaces such that every short exact sequence \(0\rightarrow F\rightarrow G\rightarrow E\rightarrow 0\) splits. Usually, one has to balance certain submultiplicative estimates in \(E\) and in the dual of \(F\). The prototype result is the classical \((DN)-(\Omega)\) type splitting theorem of \textit{D.\,Vogt} [Stud.\ Math.\ 85, 163--197 (1987; Zbl 0651.46001)]. In the present paper, the splitting problem is completely solved in the category of Fréchet Hilbert spaces by means of a general condition \((S)\) of interpolation nature. The proofs are based on interpolation of projective tensor products, on the theory of nuclear operators and on the theory of the \(\text{Proj}^1\)-functor. The main difficulty is to show that \((S)\) implies the criterion for the vanishing of the \(\text{Proj}^1\)-functor due to the reviewer [see Theorem 3.2.14 in:\ \textit{J.\,Wengenroth}, ``Derived functors in functional analysis'' (Lect.\ Notes Math.\ 1810, Berlin:\ Springer) (2003; Zbl 1031.46001)] for certain spectra of spaces of linear operators. \((DN)-(\Omega)\) type splitting results are given in a general form including and unifying previous results of several authors.