On the number of permutatively inequivalent basic sequences in a Banach space (Q2504372)

Let \(X\) be a separable infinite-dimensional Banach space with a normalized basis \((e_n)\) and let \((\mathbb{X})\) denote the set of all normalized block bases. The set of normalized disjointly supported sequences (which will be basic if the original basis is unconditional) is denoted by \((\mathcal X)\). Both sets are Polish spaces when regarded as subsets of \(X^\omega\) (product norm topology). \(E_0\) denotes the equivalence relation on \(2^\omega\) given by \(\alpha E_0\beta \Leftrightarrow \exists\;m\in\mathbb N\), \(\forall\;n\geq m\), \(\alpha (n) = \beta (n)\). Basic sequences \((x_i)\) and \((y_i)\) are permutatively equivalent if \((x_i)\) is equivalent to \((y_{\pi (i)})\) for some permutation \(\pi\) of \(\mathbb N\). \(E_0\) is Borel reducible to permutative equivalence on \((\mathbb X)\) if there exists a Borel map \(f: E_0\to (\mathbb X)\) with \(\alpha E_0 \beta \Leftrightarrow f(\alpha)\) is permutatively equivalent to \(f(\beta)\). The author proves that if \(E_0\) is not Borel reducible to permutative equivalence on \((\mathbb X)\), then there exists \(p\in [1,\infty]\) so that every block sequence of \(X\) admits a further block sequence equivalent to the unit vector basis of \(\ell_p\) (\(c_0\) if \(p=\infty\)). In the unconditional case, he shows the further block basis can be taken to be a subsequence. In the shrinking unconditional case, either \((e_n)\) is equivalent to the unit vector basis of \(\ell_p\) for some \(1<p<\infty\), or \(c_0\) or \(E_0\) is Borel reducible to permutative equivalence on at least one of \((\mathcal X)\) or \((\mathcal X^*)\). If \(X\) has an unconditional basis and is not isomorphic to \(\ell_2\), then \(X\) admits \(2^\omega\) unconditional basic sequences which are not permutatively equivalent. Other results are obtained, preceded by a long introduction concerning related results and open problems.