On various types of nilpotency of the structure monoid and group of a set-theoretic solution of the Yang-Baxter equation (Q2674542)

The study of solutions of the set-theoretic Yang-Baxter equation reduces to an algebraic description of the associated structure groups and structure monoids. In this article it is shown that the structure monoid \(M\) associated to a finite solution is Malcev nilpotent if and only if the cancellative subsemigroups of \(M\) are Malcev nilpotent and a certain divisibility condition on the set of generators of \(M\) is satisfied. To illustrate the involved conditions several examples are provided. Furthermore, the authors prove that a solution is of finite-multiparameter level if and only if the associated solution on \(M\) is of finite-multiparameter level if and only if the associated solution on the structure group \(G\) is of finite-multiparameter level. If the multiparameter solution is of level \(m\) the group \(G\) is solvable of derived length bounded by \(m+1\). For a finite multiparameter solution such that the additive and multiplicative subgroups of \(G\) are nilpotent and the latter is a right nilpotent skew left brace, the torsion subgroup \(T(G)\) is finite and equals the additive commutator \([G,G]_+\). In this case \(G/[G,G]_+\) is a trivial left brace and the induced solution on the quotient is trivial.