Nonlocal nonlinear diffusion equations. Smoothing effects, Green functions, and functional inequalities (Q2680211)

In this very interesting and long paper, the authors establish boundedness estimates for solutions of generalized porous medium equations of the form \[ \partial_tu+(-\mathcal{L})(u^m)=0 \] in \(\mathbb{R}^N\times (0,T)\), where \(m\geq 1\) and \(-\mathcal{L}\) is a linear, symmetric, and nonnegative operator. The authors prove quantitative estimates concerning precise \(L^1-L^\infty\)-smoothing effects and absolute bounds, and their proofs are based on the interplay between a dual formulation of the problem and estimates on the Green function of \(-\mathcal{L}\) and \(I-\mathcal{L}\). In the linear case \(m=1\), it is well-known that the \(L^1-L^\infty\)-smoothing effects are equivalent to Nash inequalities. The authors prove such a result in the nonlinear setting \(m>1\). The converse implication is not true in general. A counterexample is given by 0-order Lévy operators. But, when \(m>1\), the authors show that the nonlinearity allows for better regularizing properties, almost independently of the linear operator. Lastly, they prove families of inequalities of Gagliardo-Nirenberg-Sobolev type and investigate equivalences both in the linear and nonlinear settings through the application of the Moser iteration.