On rigidity of factorial trinomial hypersurfaces (Q2821828)

Let \(X\) be an affine variety. If \(A\) is a \(\mathbb K\)-algebra, a derivation \(D:A\to A\) is a linear map satisfying the Leibniz rule \(D(ab)=D(a)b+aD(b)\) for all \(a,b\in A\). A derivation is called locally nilpotent if for each \(a\in A\) there exists \(m\in \mathbb Z_{>0}\) such that \(D^m(a)=0\). An affine variety \(X\) is called rigid if the algebra of regular functions \(\mathbb K[X]\) admits no nonzero locally nilpotent derivation.NEWLINENEWLINEThe present paper obtains a characterization of rigidity for some higher dimensional hypersurfaces. An affine variety \(X\) is called factorial if the algebra \(\mathbb K[X]\) is a unique factorization domain.NEWLINENEWLINE In the main result of this paper, the author proves that a factorial trinomial hypersurface \(X\) is rigid if and only if every exponent in the trinomial is at least \(2\). This study is related to toric geometry, and in the last section the results are reformulated in geometric terms.