Graded cocharacters of minimal subvarieties of supervarieties of almost polynomial growth. (Q479293)

One of the measures of the complexity of the polynomial identities of an algebra (or the graded polynomial identities of a superalgebra) \(A\) is the growth of the codimension sequence \(c_n(A)\) (or the sequence of graded codimensions \(c_n^{gr}(A)\)), \(n\geq 1\). Especially interesting are the minimal objects when the growth of the ordinary or graded codimensions of the subvarieties of the variety generated by \(A\) is much lower than the growth of the codimensions of \(A\) itself. The growth of the graded codimensions of a superalgebra with an ordinary polynomial identity over a field \(F\) of characteristic 0 is either exponential or polynomial. The varieties of superalgebras with polynomial growth of the graded codimensions were described by \textit{A. Giambruno} et al., [Commun. Algebra 29, No. 9, 3787-3800 (2001; Zbl 1006.16024)]. These are the varieties which do not contain any of the following superalgebras: the Grassmann algebra \(G\) without grading or with its canonical grading \(G^{gr}\), the algebra of \(2\times 2\) upper triangular matrices \(UT_2\) without grading or \(UT_2^{gr}\) with grading \((Fe_{11}+Fe_{22},Fe_{12})\), and the superalgebra \(F\oplus Ft=(F,Ft)\), where \(t^2=1\). The listed five algebras generate varieties of superalgebras of almost polynomial growth. The minimal subvarieties of the varieties generated by these five superalgebras were listed by \textit{D. La Mattina}, [J. Algebra 336, No. 1, 209-226 (2011; Zbl 1236.16020)]. The growth of the graded codimensions of such subvarieties is like \(n^t\) and for their proper subvarieties is like \(n^s\) with \(s<t\). In the paper under review the authors have found the decompositions of the graded cocharacters of all minimal subvarieties of supervarieties of almost polynomial growth and compute their graded colengths. Furthermore, for a finite dimensional superalgebra \(A\) such that its sequence of graded codimensions grows like \(n^t\) the authors establish an upper bound for the \(n\)-th graded colength of \(A\) which depends only on \(t\) and on two parameters related to \(A\) such as its dimension and the index of nilpotence of its Jacobson radical \(J(A)\).