Implicit/inverse function theorems for free noncommutative functions (Q495969)

A mapping defined on the set of matrices of all sizes is said to be a free noncommutative (nc) function if it respects direct sums and similarities, or equivalently, respects intertwinings. In other words, let \(\mathcal R\) be a unital commutative ring, and let \(\mathcal M,\mathcal N\) be modules over \(\mathcal R\). If \(\Omega\subset\mathcal M_{\mathrm{nc}}\) is a noncommutative (nc) set, a mapping \(f:\Omega\rightarrow\mathcal N_{\mathrm{nc}}\) with the property that \(f(\Omega_n)\subset\mathcal N^{n\times n}\), \(n=1,2,\dots\), is called a \textit{nc function} if \(f\) satisfies the following conditions: \[ f(X\oplus Y)=f(X)\oplus f(Y),\qquad X,Y\in\Omega; \] if \(X\in\Omega_n\) and \(S\in\mathcal R^{n\times n}\) is invertible with \(SXS^{-1}\in\Omega_n\), then \[ f(SXS^{-1})=Sf(X)S^{-1}. \] The main of this paper is to prove an implicit function theorem and an inverse function theorem for free noncommutative functions over operator spaces and on the set of nilpotent matrices. The authors also give some applications of their results to study dependence of the solution of the initial value problem for ODEs in noncommutative spaces on the initial data and to extremal problems with noncommutative constraints.