Analysis of non-isentropic compressible Euler equations with relaxation (Q496746)

The 1-D hyperbolic system is considered in the paper. \[ \begin{cases} \frac{\partial \rho}{\partial t}+\frac{\partial }{\partial x}(\rho u)=0,\quad x\in I,\quad t>0,\\ \frac{\partial u}{\partial t}+u\frac{\partial u}{\partial x}+ \frac{1}{\rho}\frac{\partial }{\partial x}(\rho^\gamma e^s)=f(\rho)-u,\quad x\in I,\quad t>0,\\ \frac{\partial s}{\partial t}+u\frac{\partial s}{\partial x}= (\gamma-1)\rho^{1-\gamma}e^{-s}(g(\rho)-\rho^{\gamma-1}e^s),\quad x\in I,\quad t>0. \end{cases}\tag{1} \] Here, \(I=\mathbb{R}\) or \(I=[0,1]\), \(u\) is the velocity of a fluid or gas, \(\rho\) is the density, \(s\) is the entropy, \(\gamma>1\) is the adiabatic gas exponent, \(f\) and \(g\) are given smooth functions of \(\rho\). Two problems to the system (1) are studied in the paper. First of them is the Cauchy problem. The system (1) with \(I=\mathbb{R}\) is added by the initial conditions. \[ u(x,0)=u_0,\quad \rho(x,0)=\rho_0,\quad s(x,0)=s_0,\quad x\in\mathbb{R}. \tag{2} \] It is established that the problem (1), (2) has not global in time solution for general initial data. On the other hand if the initial data are close to a certain constant equilibrium state then the problem (1), (2) has a unique global in time classical solution. The second problem is the initial-boundary value problem to the system (1). In this case \(I=[0,1]\) and the system (1) is added by the initial and boundary conditions. \[ \begin{cases} u(x,0)=u_0,\quad \rho(x,0)=\rho_0,\quad s(x,0)=s_0,\quad x\in [0,1],\\ u(0,t)=u(1,t)=0,\quad s(0,t)=s(1,t)=\bar{s},\\ \int_0^1\rho_0\,dx=\bar{\rho}>0, \end{cases}\tag{3} \] where \(\bar{s}\) and \(\bar{\rho}\) are constants. If the initial data are close to a constant equilibrium state then the problem (1), (3) has a unique global in time classical solution and the solution converges to the equilibrium state exponentially with respect to time.