Jordan-Kronecker invariants of Lie algebra representations and degrees of invariant polynomials (Q6097855)

The paper is devoted to the study of the so-called Jordan-Kronecker invariants of a representation \(\rho\) of a complex finite-dimensional Lie algebra. These collections of numbers provide lower bounds for degrees of polynomial invariants of \(\rho\). Moreover, the authors prove that these lower bounds are exact if and only if the invariants are independent outside of a set of large codimension. Finally, under certain additional assumptions, the authors show that these bounds are exact if and only if the algebra of invariants is freely generated. The paper is divided into six main sections. After a concise introduction to the main points of the work, in Section 2, the authors recall the normal form theorem for a pair of linear maps. They first state the theorem in matrix form and then discuss the invariant meaning of the ingredients involved. In Section 3, the main objects of the paper are defined, namely the Jordan-Kronecker invariants of Lie algebra representations. In Section 4, the authors provide an interpretation for some of the Jordan-Kronecker invariants. Section 5 is devoted to the main results of the paper. The first presented result provides a bound for the degrees of invariant polynomials in terms of the so-called vertical indices. Section 6 is devoted to classical simple Lie algebras \(\mathfrak{sl}(n)\), \(\mathfrak{so}(n)\), and \(\mathfrak{sp}(n)\). For each case, the Jordan-Kronecker invariants are computed for the sums of their standard representations. In each case, the authors provide the answer and then show how it aligns with the general results from Sections 4 and 5.