Orthogonality-preserving, \(C^{*}\)-conformal and conformal module mappings on Hilbert \(C^{*}\)-modules (Q610761)

Let \(M\) be a Hilbert \(C^*\)-module. A map \(T\) on \(M\) is said to be orthogonality preserving if \(\langle T(x),T(y)\rangle = 0\) whenever \(\langle x,y\rangle=0\). There are several works related to orthogonality preserving mappings in the literature, see \textit{J. Chmieliński, D. Ilišević, M. S. Moslehian} and \textit{Gh. Sadeghi} [J. Math. Phys. 49, No.~3, 033519 (2008; Zbl 1153.81342)] and the references therein. The authors investigate the general structure of orthogonality-preserving bounded module mappings on Hilbert \(C^*\)-modules. More precisely, they prove that, if \(A\) is a \(C^*\)-algebra, \(M\) is a full Hilbert \(A\)-module, and \(M^\#\) is its canonical \(A^{**}\)-extension (see \textit{W. L. Paschke} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 182, 443--468 (1973; Zbl 0239.46062)] for more information on structure of \(M^\#\)), then any orthogonality-preserving bounded \(A\)-linear operator \(T\) on \(M\) is of the form \(T = \lambda V\), where \(V: M^\# \to M^\#\) is an isometric \(A\)-linear embedding and \(\lambda\) is a positive element of the center of the multiplier algebra \(M(A)\) of \(A\). A special case of the above result in the case where \(A\) has an isometric representation \(\pi\) on a Hilbert space \(H\) with the property \(K(H) \subset \pi(A) \subset B(H)\) was proved in \textit{D. Ilišević} and \textit{A. Turnšek} [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 341, No.~1, 298--308 (2008; Zbl 1178.46055)]. An injective bounded module map \(T\) on \(M\) is said to be \(C^*\)-conformal (conformal, resp.) if \(\frac{\langle Tx,Ty\rangle}{\|Tx\|\,\|Ty\|}=\frac{\langle x,y\rangle}{\|x||\,\|y\|}\) (\(\frac{\|\langle Tx,Ty\rangle\|}{\|Tx\|\,\|Ty\|}=\frac{\|\langle x,y\rangle\|}{\|x||\,\|y\|}\), resp.) holds for all nonzero vectors \(x,y \in M\). The authors show that an injective bounded module map \(T\) is \(C^*\)-conformal (or conformal) if and only if \(T = \lambda U\) for some nonzero positive real number \(\lambda\) and for some isometrical module operator \(U\) on \(M\).