An overview on extremals and critical points of the Sobolev inequality in convex cones (Q6111620)

The main topic of this survey article is the Sobolev inequality \[ \| H(\nabla u)\|_{L^{p}(\Sigma)} \geq S_\Sigma \|u\|_{L^{\frac{np}{n-p}}(\Sigma)} \] on a convex cone \(\Sigma \subset \mathbb{R}^n\) and with an anisotropic norm \(H\) on \(\mathbb{R}^n\). The author first reviews the proof of the inequality from [\textit{G. Ciraolo} et al., Geom. Funct. Anal. 30, No. 3, 770--803 (2020; Zbl 1453.35104)] based on the optimal transport proof of Sobolev's inequality on \(\mathbb{R}^n\) from [\textit{D. Cordero-Erausquin} et al., Adv. Math. 182, No. 2, 307--332 (2004; Zbl 1048.26010)]. This proof characterizes in addition the functions attaining the sharp constant \(S_{\Sigma}\) as scalar multiples of the family of Aubin-Talenti bubble functions \[ \mathcal{U}_{\lambda, x_0} = \frac{c(n,p)}{(1 + \lambda^\frac{p}{p-1} H_0(x_0-x)^\frac{p}{p-1})^\frac{n-p}{p}}, \qquad \lambda > 0, \quad x_0 \in \mathbb{R}^n, \] where \(H_0\) is the dual norm to \(H\). In the following section, the author gives an overview of the classification results for solutions to the Euler-Lagrange equation associated to Sobolev's inequality. The main result is that every positive finite energy solution \(u \in \dot{W}^{1,p}(\Sigma)\) to \[ \Delta_p^H + u^\frac{n(p-1) + p}{n-p} = 0 \quad \text{ on } \Sigma \] is of the form \(\mathcal{U}_{\lambda, x_0}\) for the correct choice of \(c(n,p)>0\). The point \(x_0\) must necessarily be a vertex of the cone \(\Sigma\). A short section about quantitative stability results for the Sobolev inequality on \(\mathbb{R}^n\) and its critical points concluded this survey article.