Deformations of symmetric simple modular Lie (super)algebras (Q6115277)

Roughly the first half of the paper is a survey about a conjectural classification of finite-dimensional simple Lie (super)algebras over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic. Note that for Lie algebras in characteristic \(p>3\) this is well-known by the Block-Wilson-Premet-Strade classification, but in characteristics 2 and 3 such a classification seems to be wide open or maybe even impossible. For Lie superalgebras much less is known. One main result in this direction is the classification of the finite-dimensional simple modular Lie superalgebras admitting an indecomposable Cartan matrix which some time ago was obtained by the authors of the present paper [\textit{S. Bouarroudj} et al., SIGMA, Symmetry Integrability Geom. Methods Appl. 5, Paper 060, 63 p. (2009; Zbl 1220.17010)]. The main goal of the paper under review is to compute the second adjoint cohomology of all finite-dimensional symmetric simple modular Lie (super)algebras of rank \(<9\) with the exception of the superizations of the simple Lie algebras with root systems of type ADE in characteristic 2 and certain queerifications. (Here a simple Lie superalgebra is said to be {\em symmetric\/} if every root (with respect to a maximal torus) has the same multiplicity as its opposite root. Note that it is not clear that this definition is independent of the choice of the maximal torus.) The computations are done by using the second author's SuperLie package and complement the known results. For example, in characteristic 3 the second adjoint cohomology is computed for the orthosymplectic Lie superalgebra \(\mathfrak{osp}(4\vert 2)\), the Brown superalgebra \(\mathfrak{brj}(2;3)\), the Elduque-Cunha superalgebras, and the Elduque superalgebra \(\mathfrak{el}(5;3)\). With the exception of the orthosymplectic Lie superalgebra \(\mathfrak{osp}(4\vert 2)\), the Brown superalgebra \(\mathfrak{brj}(2;3)\) and the Elduque-Cunha superalgebras \(\mathfrak{g}(1,6)\), \(\mathfrak{g}(2,3)\), \(\mathfrak{g} (4,3)\), the second adjoint cohomology vanishes, and therefore these Lie superalgebras do not have non-trivial infinitesimal deformations. In the other cases explicit cocycles are given. At the end of the paper the authors briefly discuss how to prove the integrability of infinitesimal deformations using Massey products, and this is illustrated by several examples. In particular, the infinitesimal deformations that are given by an odd cocycle are always integrable, and all these deformations are new. In an appendix the total cohomology with trivial coefficients of the modular analogues of some finite-dimensional simple complex Lie algebras is computed in small characteristics, and the same is done for the simple Kostrikin algebras that are only defined in characteristic 3. Note that in large characteristics the dimensions of the cohomology spaces of the former are the same as the classical Betti numbers. Contrary to the characteristic zero case, the product structure of the total cohomology with trivial coefficients seems to be very complicated although this is not discussed in any detail. In addition, throughout the paper several interesting open problems are interspersed.