An introduction to rationally connected fibrations over curves and surfaces (Q6170891)

This note provides an introduction to some of the main problems in the theory of rationally connected varieties. In the first part, the author deals with the existence of rational sections of fibrations \(X\rightarrow B\). In particular, when \(B\) is a smooth curve and the general fiber is rationally connected, the fibration exists [\textit{T. Graber} et al., J. Am. Math. Soc. 16, No. 1, 57--67 (2003; Zbl 1092.14063)]. A proof is provided. After that, the author uses that to prove a result of \textit{A. J. de Jong} et al. [Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 114, 1--85 (2011; Zbl 1285.14053)]. That is the following: Let \(K\) be the function field of a complex surface \(B\), then for any complex algebraic group \(G\) which is connected, simply connected and semisimple over \(K\), any \(G\)-torsor over \(K\) is trivial. This implies that if \(X\rightarrow B\) is a \(G\)-bundle, then it has a rational section. In the last section, he deals with two possible generalizations of Tsen-Lang numerical condition [\textit{S. Lang}, Ann. Math. (2) 55, 373--390 (1952; Zbl 0046.26202)]. Those are rationally connected varieties and \(2\)-Fano varieties.