Symplectic birational transformations of finite order on O'Grady's sixfolds (Q6171926)

An irreducible homolorphic symplectic (IHS) manifold is a compact, simply connected, Kähler manifold with a holomorphic symplectic form, which is unique up to scalar multiplication. Up to deformations, there are only three big families of examples of IHS manifolds, namely: \begin{itemize} \item \(K3\) surfaces, \item Hilbert schemes of points on a \(K3\) surface \((K3^{[n]}\)-type manifolds), \item generalized Kummer varieties of an abelian surface (\(\mathrm{Kum}^n\)-type manifolds). \end{itemize} Besides these families, K. G. O'Grady constructed two sporadic examples of IHS that are not deformations equivalent to any element of the family above: \begin{itemize} \item a 10-dimensional manifold, called O'Grady tenfold or OG10 [\textit{K. G. O'Grady}, J. Reine Angew. Math. 512, 49--117 (1999; Zbl 0928.14029)]; \item a 6-dimensional manifold, called O'Grady sixfold or OG6 [\textit{K. G. O'Grady}, J. Algebr. Geom. 12, No. 3, 435--505 (2003; Zbl 1068.53058)]. \end{itemize} At the moment of writing, since then no new example of IHS manifold has been produced. It is no surprise that the geometry of these two sporadic objects drew much attention. Let \(X\) denote an IHS manifold that is deformation equivalent to the OG6. In [Math. Z. 256, No. 1, 1--34 (2007; Zbl 1121.14014)], \textit{A. Rapagnetta} showed that the Beauville-Bogomolov-Fujiki lattice \(H^2(X,\mathbb{Z})\), is isomorphic to the lattice \[ \mathbf{L}:=U^{\oplus 3}\oplus [-2]^{\oplus 2}\; . \] Then one can use the Torelli theorem for IHS, proven by \textit{M. Verbitsky} in [Duke Math. J. 162, No. 15, 2929--2986 (2013; Zbl 1295.53042); Duke Math. J. 169, No. 5, 1037--1038 (2020; Zbl 1439.53049)], to study the automorphisms of \(X\) using lattice theoretic tools. Using this approach, in the paper under review, A. Grossi, C. Onorati, D. C. Veniani show that a symplectic automorphism of finite order of \(X\) acts trivially on \(H^2(X,\mathbb{Z})\) (Theorem 1.1), a statement that does not hold for the larger families of IHS manifolds. Contrary to the case of \(K3\) surfaces, OG6 (and the other three types of IHS manifolds) might have birational transformations that are not automorphism. The authors then show that birational transformation of finite order that are not automorpisms induce a non-trivial action on \(\mathbf{L}\), nevertheless they still act as the identity on the discriminant group \(\mathbf{L}^\sharp\) (Theorem 1.2). Finally, the authors classify all the finite order isometries of \(\mathbf{L}\) that are induced by a birational symplectic transformation of \(X\) according to their order and variant and covariant sublattices (Theorem 1.3).