On recognition of low-dimensional linear and unitary groups by spectrum (Q6631337)

The spectrum \(\varpi(G)\) of a finite group \(G\) is the set of the orders of its elements. Groups with the same spectra are called isospectral. The problem of recognition by spectrum of a finite group is solved if the number \(h(G)\) of non-isomorphic finite groups isospectral to \(G\) is known and if \(h(G)\) is finite then all such groups are explicitly specified. Let \(q\) be an odd prime power and let \(\mathcal{L}\) denote the following list of simple groups: \begin{enumerate} \N\item \(L_{n}(q)\) with \(6\leq n \leq 26\), \N\item \(U_{n}(q)\) with \(5 \leq n \leq 26\), \N\item \(S_{2n}(q)\) and \(O_{2n+1}(q)\) with \(5 \leq n \leq 15\), \N\item \(O_{2n}^{+}(q)\) with \(5 \leq n \leq 18\), \N\item \(O_{2n}(q)\) with \(5 \leq n \leq 17\).\end{enumerate}\N\NThe first author et al. [Commun. Math. Stat. 11, No. 2, 169--194 (2023; Zbl 1520.20052)], showed that if \(L\) is a finite non-abelian simple group and \(L \not \in \mathcal{L}\), then the problem of recognition by spectrum of a finite group is solved for \(L\). Moreover, if \(L \not \in \big \{ A_{6}, A_{10}, J_{2}, ^{3}\!D_{4}(2) \big \}\) and \(L\) is not a classical group of dimension less than 10, then \(L\) is almost recognizable by spectrum.\N\NIn the paper under review the author proves the following results:\N\NTheorem 1. Let \(L\) be a finite simple classical group in \(\mathcal{L}\) and let \(G\) be a finite group such that \(\varpi(G) = \varpi(L)\). If \(S\) is a non-abelian composition factor of \(G\), then \(S\) is not an exceptional group of Lie type over a field whose characteristic differs from the defining characteristic of \(L\).\N\NTheorem 2. Let \(L\) be one of the groups \(U_{5}(q)\), \(L_{6}(q)\) and \(U_{6}(q)\), where \(q\) is odd and let \(G\) be a finite group such that \(\varpi(G)= \varpi(L)\). If \(S\) is a non-abelian composition factor of \(G\), then \(S\) is not a group of Lie type over a field of characteristic coprime to \(q\).