Moments of symmetric square \(L\)-functions on \( \mathrm{GL}(3)\) (Q7006394)

Let \(p\) be an odd prime and let \(B(p)\) denote the space of cuspidal newforms for the congruence subgroup \(\Gamma_0(p)\subset \mathrm{SL}_3(\mathbb{Z})\). For \(\phi\in B(p)\), let \(A_\phi(m_1,m_2)\) denote the \((m_1,m_2)\)-th Fourier coefficient of \(\phi\), \(\pi=\pi_\phi\) the automorphic representation of \(\mathrm{PGL}_3(\mathbb{A}_\mathbb{Q})\) generated by \(\phi\), \(L(s,\pi,\mathrm{Ad})\) the adjoint \(L\)-function of \(\pi\), \(L(s,\pi,\mathrm{sym}^2)\) the symmetric square \(L\)-function of \(\pi\) and \(L^*(s,\pi,\mathrm{sym}^2)\) the symmetric square \(L\)-function of \(\pi\) modified by replacing the local factor \(L_2(s,\pi,\mathrm{sym}^2)\) by \(L_2(s,\tilde{\pi},\mathrm{sym}^2)^{-1}\). Let \(m_1,m_1\in\mathbb{N}\) with \((m_1m_2,2p)=1\). This paper gives an asymptotic formula with power saving error term for \(\sum_{\phi\in B(p)} A_\phi(m_1,m_2)L^*(1/2,\pi_\phi,\mathrm{sym}^2)h(\mu_{\pi_\phi})/L(1,\pi_\phi,\mathrm{Ad})\), where \(h\) ranges over a set of test functions and \(\mu_\pi\) is the Langlands parameter for the archimedean component of \(\pi\). As a corollary the authors deduce nonvanishing theorems for the central \(L\)-values \(L(1/2,\pi,\mathrm{sym}^2)\). They also obtain lower bounds of the expected order of magnitude for all even moments, using a method of \textit{Z. Rudnick} and \textit{K. Soundararajan} [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102, No. 19, 6837--6838 (2005; Zbl 1159.11317)]. Their results are consistent with the random matrix model for a unitary ensemble. To prove their main result, the authors employ the Kuznetsov formula for \(\mathrm{GL}_3\). They carefully handle ramification and separate oldforms from newforms in the spectral decomposition, as well as work with the \(\mathrm{GL}_3\) Kloosterman sums, introduced by \textit{D. Bump} et al. [Acta Arith. 50, No. 1, 31--89 (1988; Zbl 0647.10020)], that appear in the Kuznetsov formula (see [\textit{V. Blomer} et al., Math. Ann. 369, No. 1--2, 723--759 (2017; Zbl 1400.11104); \textit{V. Blomer} and \textit{W. H. Leung}, ``A \( \mathrm{GL}(3)\) converse theorem via a `beyond endoscopy' approach'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:2401.04037}]).