Lie tori of type \(B_2\) and graded-simple Jordan structures covered by a triangle (Q765700)

The paper is studies Lie algebras graded by the root system \(B_2\) and Jordan systems covered by a triangle, both with a compatible second grading by an abelian group \(\Lambda\). These two structures are linked by the Tits-Kantor-Koecher construction. In the first place the authors classify graded-simple-triangulated Jordan systems under some mild assumptions, extending a non-graded previous classification of \textit{K. McCrimmon} and the first author [J. Algebra 114, No. 2, 411--451 (1988; Zbl 0651.17001)]. Moreover, they characterize the division-triangulated and tori among the graded-triangulated Jordan triple systems of their classification. Since any (unital) Jordan algebra is also a Jordan triple system (with identity elements), their results for Jordan triple systems can be specialized to graded-simple-triangulated Jordan algebras; and, since any graded-simple-triangulated Jordan pair is graded isomorphic to the Jordan pair of a unital Jordan algebra, their classification for Jordan algebras can also be exported to Jordan pairs. From their theorems they deduce the classifications of division-triangulated Jordan algebras and pairs. In particular, they describe the \(\mathbb{Z}^n\)-triangulated Jordan system (algebra, pair and triple) tori. With these Jordan results in hand and via the Tits-Kantor-Koecher construction that associates a Lie algebra to any Jordan pair, they obtain the classification of \((B_2, \Lambda)\)-graded-simple and centreless division-\((B_2, \Lambda)\)-graded-simple Lie algebras. In particular, they classify centreless Lie tori of type \((B_2, \Lambda)\). The Lie results recover results to \textit{B. N. Allison} and \textit{Y. Gao} [Sel. Math., New Ser. 7, No. 2, 149--212 (2001; Zbl 1058.17012)], and \textit{J. R. Faulkner} [Commun. Algebra 36, No. 7, 2593--2618 (2008; Zbl 1196.17003)] in the particular case of Lie tori, and extend a result of \textit{G. Benkart} and \textit{Y. Yoshii} [Q. J. Math. 57, No. 4, 425--448 (2006; Zbl 1223.17022)] for division \(\Lambda\)-graded Lie algebras.