Time-frequency analysis of Sjöstrand's class (Q879635)

In 1994/95 Sjöstrand introduced a symbol class \(M^{\infty, 1}\) that contains the Hörmander class \(S^0_{0,0}\) and also includes non-smooth symbols. Let \(g\in C^\infty_0(\mathbb R^{2d})\) be a function satisfying the property \(\sum_{k\in\mathbb Z^{2d}} g(t- k)= 1\), \(\forall t\in \mathbb R^{2d}\). Then \(\sigma\in S'(\mathbb R^{2d})\) belongs to \(M^{\infty, 1}\) if \[ \int_{\mathbb R^{2d}} \sup_{k\in\mathbb{Z}^{2d}}|(\sigma\cdot g(\cdot -k))^\wedge(\zeta)|\,d\zeta<\infty. \] He proved three fundamental results about the Weyl pseudodifferential operators associated to a symbol of \(M^{\infty, 1}\): \(L^2\)-boundedness, the algebra property and the Wiener property. The objective of this paper is to give conceptually new and technically simple proofs of Sjöstrand's fundamental results, and also to obtain new insights, by using time-frequency analysis. The time-frequency methods provide detailed information on which class of function spaces the Weyl pseudodifferential operators with symbols in \(M^{\infty, 1}\) act boundedly and they suggest the appropriate and maximal generalization of Sjöstrand's results (to weighted modulation spaces). The key of the proofs is the almost diagonalization property by Gabor frames of Weyl pseudodifferential operators with symbols in Sjöstrand's class.