Compactness of the solution operator to \(\overline\partial\) in weighted \(L^{2}\)-spaces (Q880082)

In the present paper, the authors consider the compactness of the canonical solution operater \(S\) to the Cauchy-Riemann operator \(\overline \partial\) on the weighted \(L^2\)-space \[ L^2(\mathbb C^n,\varphi) = \left\{ f:\int_{\mathbb C^n}| f(z)| ^2e^{-2\varphi (z)} \,dz <\infty\right\}, \] where \(\varphi\) is a \(C^2\) plurisubharmonic function on \(\mathbb C^n\). In order to prove the compactness of \(S\), the authors apply the ideas which were used for the Witten Laplacian in real case and methods of spectral theory of these equations. In the case when \(n=1\), assume that \(\triangle \varphi\) belongs to the reverse Hölder class \(B_2(\mathbb R^2)\), \[ B_2(\mathbb R^2) = \left\{V: \left(\frac 1{| Q| }\int_QV^2\,dx\right)^{1/2}\leq C\left(\frac 1{| Q| }\int_Q| V| \,dx\right)\right\}, \] for some constant \(C\) and all balls in \(\mathbb R^2\), then the canonical solution operator \(S\) is compact if and only if \(\lim_{| z| \to \infty}\int_{B(z,1)}\triangle \varphi (y) \,dy = +\infty\), where \(B(z,1)\) is the unit ball centered at \(z\). In the case \(n\geq 2\), let \(\lambda_\varphi\) be the lowest eigenvalue of the Levi matrix \(M_\varphi\) of \(\varphi\), then the canonical solution operator \(S:L^2_{(0,1)}| (\mathbb C^n,\varphi)\cap \ker \overline \partial \to L^2(\mathbb C^n,\varphi)\cap \ker \overline \partial^\perp\) is compact if \(\varphi\) satisfies \(\lim_{| z| \to \infty}\lambda_{\phi}(z) = \infty.\) In the case \(\varphi(z_1,\dots ,z_n) = \sum _1^n \varphi_j(z_j)\) where \(\varphi_j\) are \(C^\infty\) functions in \(\mathbb C\), the authors give some examples where the canonical solution operator is non-compact even when restricted to the space \(A_{(0,1)}(\mathbb C^n,\varphi)\) of forms with holomorphic coefficients and point out that they are related to the Dirac and Pauli operators.