Higher derivations of Ore extensions by \(q\)-skew derivations. (Q964534)

The main purpose of this paper is to show that the \(q\)-skew Ore extension \(R[X;S,D]\) possesses a \(q\)-skew higher \(S^{-1}\)-derivation of infinite length. The authors apply this to characterize semi-invariant polynomials and cv-polynomials of \(R[X;S,D]\). Ore extensions have become one of the most basic and useful constructions in ring theory. They have provided a number of important (counter-)examples and have also formed a powerful tool for studying skew derivations [see \textit{M. Beattie, S. Dăscălescu} and \textit{L. Grünenfelder}, J. Algebra 225, No. 2, 743-770 (2000; Zbl 0948.16026), and \textit{C.-L. Chuang, T.-K. Lee, C.-K. Liu}, and \textit{Y.-T. Tsai}, Isr. J. Math. 175, 157-178 (2010; Zbl 1204.16028), for example]. (Semi-)invariant polynomials first appeared in the paper by \textit{T. Y. Lam, K. H. Leung, A. Leroy}, and \textit{J. Matczuk} [Ring theory 1989. In honor of S. A. Amitsur, Proc. Symp. and Workshop, Jerusalem/Isr., Isr. Math. Conf. Proc. 1, 247-291 (1989; Zbl 0685.16006)]. \textit{T. Y. Lam} and \textit{A. Leroy} later introduced the more general concept of cv-polynomials in the paper [Azumaya algebras, actions, and modules, Proc. Conf. Honor Azumaya's 70th Birthd., Bloomington/IN (USA) 1990, Contemp. Math. 124, 83-110 (1992; Zbl 0746.16023)]. The authors define the set \(T\) to be \(Q[X;S,D]\), where \(Q\) is the symmetric Martindale quotient ring of \(R\). A polynomial \(f\in T\) with an invertible leading coefficient is called semi-invariant if \(fQ\subseteq Qf\), invariant if \(fT\subseteq Tf\) and a change-of-variable polynomial (abbreviated as cv-polynomial) if \(fQ\subseteq Qf+Q\). Firstly, the semi-invariant polynomial of minimal degree determines the \(Q\)-algebraic dependence of the skew derivation \(D\). Secondly, invariant polynomials determine substantially the ideal structure of \(T\). Finally, cv-polynomials determine \(R\)-stable homomorphisms from other Ore extensions of \(R\) into \(T\). So (semi-)invariant polynomials and cv-polynomials are of crucial importance to the study of the Ore extension \(R[X;S,D]\). The results obtained are useful for understanding (semi-)invariant and cv-polynomials in the \(q\)-skew case.