On finite groups with bounded conjugacy classes of commutators

Let \(G\) be a finite group such that \(|x^G|\leq m\) for every commutator \(x\) of prime-power order. The authors prove that \(|G^{\prime\prime}|\) is bounded in terms of \(m\) only. Thus, for finite groups, the conclusion previously obtained under a uniform bound on the conjugacy classes of all commutators remains valid when the hypothesis is restricted to commutators of prime-power order. They also give examples showing that no analogous bound holds for the index of the Fitting subgroup: if \(G=\prod_{i=1}^{s} D_{2p_{i}} \) is the direct product of dihedral groups of order \(2p_{i}\) where the \(p_{1}, p_{2}, \ldots , p_{s}\) are distinct odd primes, then \(|x^G|\leq 2\) for every commutator \(x\) of prime-power order, whereas the Fitting subgroup of \(G\) has index \(2^s\).\N\NA key step is the introduction of the characteristic subset \(X(G)\) consisting of all commutators \([x,y]\) for which there exists a Sylow subgroup \(P\) of \(G\) such that both \(x\) and \([x,y]\) belong to \(P\). Since \(X(G)\) is preserved under taking quotients and generates \(G^\prime\), the authors prove the stronger statement that \(G^{\prime\prime}\) has \(m\)-bounded order whenever \(|x^G|\leq m\) for every \(x\in X(G)\).

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