A partial positive answer to a Lijun-Yun conjecture

DOI10.1007/S40574-019-00203-XMaRDI QIDQ1987776zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Abílio Lemos, Alexandre Miranda Alves, Anderson De Araújo

Publication date 15 April 2020

Published in Bollettino dell'Unione Matematica Italiana (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/s40574-019-00203-x

Abel differential equation center moment conditions

Nonlinear ordinary differential equations and systems (34A34) Topological structure of integral curves, singular points, limit cycles of ordinary differential equations (34C05) Nonautonomous smooth dynamical systems (37C60) Moment problems (44A60)

Review text

In the paper of \textit{L. Yang} and \textit{Y. Tang} [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 261, No. 1, 100--112 (2001; Zbl 0995.34031)] the authors conjectured that the Abel differential equation \[ x'=f(t) x^3+g(t)x^2,\quad t\in[-1,1], \] where \(f\) is a polynomial and \(g(t)=2t,\) has a center at \(x=0\) if and only if \(f\) is odd. Remember that it is said that the above equation has a center at \(x=0\) if all the solutions in a neighbourhood of \(x=0\) satisfy \(x(-1)=x(1).\) The authors of the reviewed paper prove that for general analytic functions \(f\) and \(g\) a necessary condition for the origin to be a center is that the following three moments vanish \[ \int_{-1}^1 f(t)(G(t))^k\,dt=0,\quad k=0,1,2, \] where \(G(t)=\int_{-1}^t g(s)\,ds.\) They use this result to prove similar results to the one stated in the conjecture for some particular functions \(f\) and \(g.\) As far as the reviewer knows the conjecture remains open.

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