Excited states of Bose-Einstein condensates with degenerate attractive interactions

DOI10.1007/S00526-021-02046-XMaRDI QIDQ2048870zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Peng Luo, Shuangjie Peng, Shusen Yan, Juncheng Wei

Publication date 24 August 2021

Published in Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.08828

zbMATH Keywords

minimization problemBose-Einstein condensatesconstraint Gross-Pitaevskii energy

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Singular perturbations in context of PDEs (35B25) NLS equations (nonlinear Schrödinger equations) (35Q55) Quantum equilibrium statistical mechanics (general) (82B10) PDE constrained optimization (numerical aspects) (49M41)

Abstract: We study the Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) in two or three dimensions with attractive interactions, described by $L^2$ constraint Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional. First, we give the precise description of the chemical potential of the condensate $mu$ and the attractive interaction $a$. Next, for a class of degenerated trapping potential with non-isolated critical points, we obtain the existence and the local uniqueness of excited states by precise analysis of the concentrated points and the Lagrange multiplier. To our best knowledge, this is the first result concerning on excited states of BEC in Mathematics. Also, our results show that $k{a}_{\ast }$ are critical values in two dimension when the concentration occurs for any positive integer $k$ with some positive constant $a_{\ast }$. And we point out that our results on degenerated trapping potential with non-isolated critical points are also new even for the classical Schr"odinger equations. Here our main tools are finite-dimensional reduction and various Pohozave identities. The main difficulties come from the estimates on Lagrange multiplier and the different degenerate rate along different directions at the critical points of $V(x)$.

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Cited in

(23)

• Existence and local uniqueness of normalized solutions for two-component Bose-Einstein condensates
• The nonexistence of vortices for rotating Bose-Einstein condensates in non-radially symmetric traps
• Curve-like concentration for Bose-Einstein condensates
• Normalized multi-peak solutions to nonlinear elliptic problems
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• Local uniqueness of ground states for rotating Bose-Einstein condensates with attractive interactions
• Interaction of excited states in two-species Bose-Einstein condensates: a case study
• Ground states of Bose-Einstein condensates with higher order interaction
• Local uniqueness of concentrated solutions and some applications on nonlinear Schrödinger equations with very degenerate potentials
• Existence and local uniqueness of normalized peak solutions for a Schrödinger-Newton system
• Ground states of attractive Bose gases near the critical rotating velocity
• Non-degeneracy of synchronized vector solutions for weakly coupled nonlinear Schrödiner systems
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• The existence and local uniqueness of multi-peak solutions to a class of Kirchhoff type equations
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• NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF QUANTUM STATE REDUCTION IN BOSE–EINSTEIN CONDENSATES WITH ATTRACTIVE INTERACTIONS
• Normalized solutions for nonlinear Schrödinger equations involving mass subcritical and supercritical exponents
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