Tautological stable pair invariants of Calabi-Yau 4-folds

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2021.108176MaRDI QIDQ2071646zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 28 January 2022

Published in Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.03553

Calabi-Yau 4-folds Gopakumar-Vafa invariants stable pairs tautological insertions

Calabi-Yau manifolds (algebro-geometric aspects) (14J32) Gromov-Witten invariants, quantum cohomology, Gopakumar-Vafa invariants, Donaldson-Thomas invariants (algebro-geometric aspects) (14N35)

Abstract: Let

X

be a Calabi-Yau 4-fold and

D

a smooth divisor on it. We consider tautological complex associated with

L = m a t h c a l O_{X} (D)

on the moduli space of Le Potier stable pairs and define its counting invariant by integrating the Euler class against the virtual class. We conjecture a formula for their generating series expressed using genus zero Gopakumar-Vafa invariants of

D

and genus one Gopakumar-Vafa type invariants of

X

, which we verify in several examples. When

X

is the local resolved conifold, our conjecture reproduces a conjectural formula of Cao-Kool-Monavari in the PT chamber. In the JS chamber, we completely determine the invariants and confirm one of our previous conjectures.

Review text

This paper can be viewed as an extension of previous work of the authors (notably [\textit{Y. Cao} et al., J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 24, No. 2, 527--581 (2022; Zbl 1491.14077)]) studying sheaf-counting invariants of Calabi-Yau \(4\)-folds \(X\), in particular the CY4 analogue of the Pandharipande-Thomas/Gopakumar-Vafa correspondence. PT invariants count pairs \((E,s)\) of coherent sheaves \(E \in \mathsf{Coh}(X)\) and a section \(s\), with some notion of stability, while GV invariants \(n_{g,\beta}(X)\) are integer-valued invariants underlying the Gromov-Witten theory of \(X\) (which vanishes in genus \(g>1\) for dimensional reasons) defined formally from its multiple-cover formulas. Under some assumptions on \(X\), a divisor \(i\colon D \hookrightarrow X\) and permissible curve classes \(\beta\), the main conjecture of this paper is a formula \begin{align*} \sum_{n,\beta} P^t_{n,\beta}(\mathcal{O}_X(D)) q^n y^\beta = &\prod_{\beta \in H_2(D, \mathbb{Z})} \prod_{1 \le k \le [t(\mathcal{O}_X(1) \cdot \beta)]} (1 - (-q)^k y^{i_*\beta})^{k \cdot n_{0,\beta}(D)} \\ &\prod_{\beta \in H_2(X, \mathbb{Z})} \prod_{k \ge 1} (1 - y^\beta)^{-k \cdot n_{1,\beta}(X)}, \end{align*} relating GV invariants to \emph{tautological} pair invariants of the form \[ P^t_{n,\beta}(L) = \int_{[P^t_n(X, \beta)]^{\mathrm{vir}}} e(L^{[n]}), \quad L \in \operatorname{Pic}(X); \] previous conjectures involved only \emph{primary} PT invariants, where \(L\) is not present. The family \(P^t_n(X, \beta)\) of moduli spaces, parameterized by \(t\), interpolates between the Joyce-Song and PT stability chambers for pairs, hence the conjectural formula also describes this wall-crossing in \(t\). Many pieces of evidence are given to support the conjecture, which generalizes many earlier conjectures in the literature. A general proof is given assuming all relevant families of curves in \(X\) deform with expected properties, but explicit calculations are also given for various fibrations \(X \to Y\). These calculations focus on the JS and PT stability chambers, where forgetful maps from \(P^t_n(X, \beta)\) to the underlying moduli of sheaves are often isomorphisms or projective bundles. When \(X = \mathcal{O}_{\mathbb{P}^1}(-1,-1) \times C\) for a projective curve \(C\), all tautological pair invariants in the JS chamber are computed equivariantly, yielding as an application an earlier conjectural formula for JS invariants of the local resolved conifold \(\mathcal{O}_{\mathbb{P}^1}(-1,-1,0)\).

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