Irreducibility of the Fermi variety for discrete periodic Schrödinger operators and embedded eigenvalues

DOI10.1007/S00039-021-00587-ZzbMATH Open1484.35169arXiv2006.04733OpenAlexW3033881959MaRDI QIDQ2125151FDOQ2125151

Wencai Liu

Publication date: 13 April 2022

Published in: Geometric and Functional Analysis. GAFA (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Let $H_0$ be a discrete periodic Schr"odinger operator on $el{l}^2(mathbb{Z}^d)$: ${\displaystyle }$H_0=-Delta+V,${\displaystyle }$ where $Delta$ is the discrete Laplacian and $V:mathbb{Z}^{d}omathbbC$ is periodic. We prove that for any $dgeq3$, the Fermi variety at every energy level is irreducible (modulo periodicity). For $d=2$, we prove that the Fermi variety at every energy level except for the average of the potential is irreducible (modulo periodicity) and the Fermi variety at the average of the potential has at most two irreducible components (modulo periodicity). This is sharp since for $d=2$ and a constant potential $V$, the Fermi variety at $V$-level has exactly two irreducible components (modulo periodicity). We also prove that the Bloch variety is irreducible (modulo periodicity) for any $dgeq2$. As applications, we prove that when $V$ is a real-valued periodic function, the level set of any extrema of any spectral band functions, spectral band edges in particular, has dimension at most $d-2$ for any $dgeq3$, and finite cardinality for $d=2$. We also show that $H=-Delta+V+v$ does not have any embedded eigenvalues provided that $v$ decays super-exponentially.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.04733

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zbMATH Keywords

algebraic varietyunique continuationirreducibilityextremaembedded eigenvalueBloch varietyanalytic varietyLandis' conjectureband edgeband functionFermi varietyperiodic Schrödinger operator

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Schrödinger operator, Schrödinger equation (35J10) Families, moduli of curves (algebraic) (14H10) Projective techniques in algebraic geometry (14N05) Eigenvalue problems for linear operators (47A75) Analytic subsets of affine space (32B15)

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