Class field theory, Diophantine analysis and the asymptotic Fermat's last theorem

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2019.106964MaRDI QIDQ2295456zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Nuno Freitas, Alain Kraus, Samir Siksek

Publication date 13 February 2020

Published in Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.07798, http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/131586/2/WRAP-class-field-theory-Diophantine-analysis-asymptotic-Fermat%27s-last-theorem-Siksek-2019.pdf

zbMATH Keywords

class field theoryDiophantine analysisFermatmodularity

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Higher degree equations; Fermat's equation (11D41) Linear forms in logarithms; Baker's method (11J86) Class field theory (11R37)

Abstract: Recent results of Freitas, Kraus, Sengun and Siksek, give sufficient criteria for the asymptotic Fermat's Last Theorem to hold over a specific number field. Those works in turn build on many deep theorems in arithmetic geometry. In this paper we combine the aforementioned results with techniques from class field theory, the theory of p-groups and p-extensions, Diophantine approximation and linear forms in logarithms, to establish the asymptotic Fermat's Last Theorem for many infinite families of number fields, and for thousands of number fields of small degree. For example, we prove the effective asymptotic Fermat's Last Theorem for the infinite family of fields $mathbbQ(zet{a}_{2^r}{)}^{+}$.

Review text

Let \( K \) be a number field, and let \( \mathcal{O}_K \) be its ring of integers. The Fermat equation with prime exponent \(p\) over \(K\) is the equation \begin{align*} a^p + b^p + c^p = 0, \quad a, b, c \in \mathcal{O}_K.\tag{1} \end{align*} A solution \((a, b, c)\) of (1) is called trivial if \(abc = 0\), otherwise non-trivial. The celebrated \textit{Fermat's Last Theorem} asserts that the only solutions to (1) with \(K = \mathbb{Q}\) and \(p \ge 3\) are the trivial ones. The \textit{asymptotic Fermat's Last Theorem over} \(K\) is the statement that there is a bound \(B_K\), depending only on the field \(K\), such that for all prime exponents \(p > B_K\), all solutions to (1) are trivial. If \(B_K\) is effectively computable, one refers to this as the \textit{effective asymptotic Fermat's Last Theorem over} \(K\). In the paper under review, the authors consider the recent results of \textit{N. Freitas} and \textit{S. Siksek} [Compos. Math. 151, No. 8, 1395--1415 (2015; Zbl 1391.11065); Algebra Number Theory 9, No. 4, 875--895 (2015; Zbl 1395.11053)], \textit{A. Kraus} [Algebra Number Theory 13, No. 2, 301--332 (2019; Zbl 1441.11063)], and \textit{M. H. Şengün} and \textit{S. Siksek} [Comment. Math. Helv. 93, No. 2, 359--375 (2018; Zbl 1430.11045)], that give a sufficient criteria for the asymptotic Fermat's Last Theorem to hold over a specific number field. The authors combine the above-mentioned results with techniques from class field theory, the theory of \(p\)-groups and \( p \)-extensions, the theory of Diophantine approximation, and the theory of nonzero linear forms in logarithms of algebraic numbers á la Baker, to establish the asymptotic Fermat's Last Theorem for many infinite families of number fields, and for thousands of number fields of small degree. Furthermore, for example, they prove the effective asymptotic Fermat's Last Theorem for the infinite family of fields \( \mathbb{Q}(\zeta_{2^r})^{+} \) for some integer \( r\ge 2 \), where \( \zeta \) is the \( n \)-th root of unity.

Recommendations

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Cited in

(22)

• On the asymptotic Fermat's last theorem over number fields
• On asymptotic Fermat over the \(\mathbb{Z}_2\)-extension of \(\mathbb{Q}\)
• On asymptotic Fermat over \(\mathbb{Z}_p\)-extensions of \(\mathbb{Q}\)
• Solving a x^p + b y^p = c z^p with abc containing an arbitrary number of prime factors
• Asymptotics for number fields and class groups
• Non-analytic class field theory and Grünwald's theorem
• The asymptotic Fermat's last theorem for five-sixths of real quadratic fields
• Irreducibility of p Galois representations of elliptic curves with multiplicative reduction over number fields
• S-unit equations and the asymptotic Fermat conjecture over number fields
• Fermat's last theorem and modular curves over real quadratic fields
• Asymptotic generalized Fermat’s last theorem over number fields
• Class Field Theory and L Functions
• Asymptotic Fermat for signature \((4, 2, p)\) over number fields
• Fermat’s Last Theorem over and
• An extension of Aigner’s theorem
• On the p-isogenies of elliptic curves with multiplicative reduction over quadratic fields
• Power values of power sums: a survey
• On the solutions of \(x^2 = By^p + Cz^p\) and \(2x^2 = By^p + Cz^p\) over totally real fields
• Totally real points on the curve x^5 + y^5 + z^5 = 0
• On endomorphism algebras of \(\mathrm{GL}_2\)-type abelian varieties and Diophantine applications
• Fermat's last theorem over \(\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{2},\sqrt{3})\)
• Non-trivial solutions of Aa^p + Bb^p = Cc^3 over number fields

Describes a project that uses

Uses Software

• Magma
• PARI/GP

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