A distributional approach to fractional Sobolev spaces and fractional variation: existence of blow-up

DOI10.1016/J.JFA.2019.03.011MaRDI QIDQ2324728zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Giovanni E. Comi, Giorgio Stefani

Publication date 12 September 2019

Published in Journal of Functional Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1809.08575

zbMATH Keywords

fractional gradientfractional perimeterfractional Sobolev spacesfunction with bounded fractional variation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Fractional derivatives and integrals (26A33) Absolutely continuous real functions of several variables, functions of bounded variation (26B30) Blow-up in context of PDEs (35B44) Sobolev spaces and other spaces of ``smooth functions, embedding theorems, trace theorems (46E35) Linear operators on function spaces (general) (47B38)

Abstract: We introduce the new space $B{V}^{alpha}(mathbb{R}^n)$ of functions with bounded fractional variation in $mathbb{R}^n$ of order $alphain(0,1)$ via a new distributional approach exploiting suitable notions of fractional gradient and fractional divergence already existing in the literature. In analogy with the classical $BV$ theory, we give a new notion of set $E$ of (locally) finite fractional Caccioppoli $alpha$-perimeter and we define its fractional reduced boundary $mathscr{F}^{alpha}E$. We are able to show that $W^{alpha,1}(mathbb{R}^n)subsetB{V}^{a}lpha(mathbb{R}^n)$ continuously and, similarly, that sets with (locally) finite standard fractional $alpha$-perimeter have (locally) finite fractional Caccioppoli $alpha$-perimeter, so that our theory provides a natural extension of the known fractional framework. Our main result partially extends De Giorgi's Blow-up Theorem to sets of locally finite fractional Caccioppoli $alpha$-perimeter, proving existence of blow-ups and giving a first characterisation of these (possibly non-unique) limit sets.

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