The Boltzmann equation, Besov spaces, and optimal time decay rates in R_x^n

Besov spaces Boltzmann equation convergence rates fractional derivatives hard potentials kinetic theory long-range interaction non cut-off soft potentials time decay

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Fractional derivatives and integrals (26A33) Smoothness and regularity of solutions to PDEs (35B65) Boltzmann equations (35Q20) Fractional partial differential equations (35R11) Rarefied gas flows, Boltzmann equation in fluid mechanics (76P05) Kinetic theory of gases in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C40)

Abstract: We prove that

k

-th order derivatives of perturbative classical solutions to the hard and soft potential Boltzmann equation (without the angular cut-off assumption) in the whole space,

{m a t h b b R}_{x}^{n}

with

n g e 3

, converge in large-time to the global Maxwellian with the optimal decay rate of

O (t^{- 1 / 2 (k + v a r r h o + f r a c n 2 - f r a c n r)})

in the

L_{x}^{r} (L_{v}^{2})

-norm for any

2 l e q r l e q i n f t y

. These results hold for any

v a r r h o i n [0, n / 2]

as long as initially

| f_{0} |_{d o t B_{2}^{- v a r r h o, i n f t y} L_{v}^{2}} < i n f t y

. In the hard potential case, we prove faster decay results in the sense that if

| m a t h b f P f_{0} |_{d o t B_{2}^{- v a r r h o, i n f t y} L_{v}^{2}} < i n f t y

and

| (m a t h b f I - m a t h b f P) f_{0} |_{d o t B_{2}^{- v a r r h o + 1, i n f t y} L_{v}^{2}} < i n f t y

for

v a r r h o i n (n / 2, (n + 2) / 2]

then the solution decays to zero in

L_{v}^{2} (L_{x}^{2})

with the optimal large time decay rate of

O (t^{- 1 / 2 v a r r h o})

.

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