Generalized Markoff maps and McShane's identity

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2007.09.004MaRDI QIDQ2463529zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Yan Loi Wong, Ying Zhang, Ser Peow Tan

Publication date 12 December 2007

Published in Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0502464

zbMATH Keywords

character varietyhyperbolic Dehn surgerymapping class groupMcShane's identityone-holed toruspunctured torus bundle

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Fundamental group, presentations, free differential calculus (57M05) General low-dimensional topology (57M99)

Abstract: We study general representations of the free group on two generators into $SL(2,C)$, and the connection with generalized Markoff maps, following Bowditch. We show that Bowditch's Q-conditions for generalized Markoff maps are sufficient for the generalized McShane identity to hold for the corresponding representations and that the subset of representations satisfying these conditions is the largest open subset in the relative character variety on which the mapping class group acts properly discontinuously. Moreover we generalize Bowditch's results on variations of McShane's identity for complete, finite volume hyperbolic 3-manifolds which fiber over the circle, with the fiber a punctured-torus, to identities for incomplete hyperbolic structures on such manifolds, hence obtaining identities for closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds which are obtained by doing hyperbolic Dehn surgery on such manifolds.

Review text

Let \(T\) be a torus with a disk removed. In his PhD. Thesis at Warwick, G. McShane showed that the sum of \(1/(1 + e^{l(\gamma)})\), where \(\gamma\) ranges over all simple closed geodesics on \(T\) and \(l(\gamma)\) is the hyperbolic length of \(\gamma\), is equal to \(1/2\). This result was reproved by \textit{B. Bowditch} using different methods in [Proc. Lond. Math. Soc., III. Ser. 77, No.~3, 697--736 (1998; Zbl 0928.11030)]; Bowditch also extended the result to type-preserving representations of the once-punctured torus group into \(SL(2,\mathbb C)\) satisfying certain trace conditions referred to here as the ``Bowditch Q-conditions. Generalizations to hyperbolic once-punctured torus bundles and to hyperbolic punctured surface bundles by Bowditch in the first case and Sakuma and separately Akiyoshi, Miyachi, and Sakuma in the second case followed in [\textit{B. Bowditch}, Topology 36, No.~2, 325--334 (1997; Zbl 0872.57015); \textit{M. Sakuma}, RIMS Kokyuroku 1104, 103--108 (1999; Zbl 0951.57500); \textit{H. Akiyoshi, H. Miyachi} and \textit{M. Sakuma}, Contemporary Mathematics 355, 21--40 (2004; Zbl 1080.30038), and London Mathematical Society Lecture Note Series 329, 151--185 (2006; Zbl 1103.30027)], respectively. The authors of the paper reviewed here also generalized the identities to a one-hole/one-cone torus setting in [J. Differ. Geom. 72, No.~1, 73--112 (2006; Zbl 1097.53031)]. In the paper reviewed here, the authors show that their generalizations from this last paper hold for characters which satisfy the Bowditch Q-conditions in the relative character variety \(X_{\tau}\) of \(T\) consisting of characters \(\rho\) such that \(\operatorname{tr} \rho(aba^{-1}b^{-1})\) is equal to a fixed value \(\tau\). They show that the mapping class group acts properly discontinuously on the set of characters in \(\chi_{\tau}\) which satisfy the Bowditch Q-conditions, and that this set is open and is the largest open set on which the mapping class group acts properly discontinuously. Finally they show that the McShane-Bowditch identity which Bowditch established for hyperbolic once-punctured torus bundles leads to similar results for the closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds obtained from Dehn filling if certain relative Bowditch Q-conditions are satisfied.

Recommendations

• The ${\mathrm {SL}(2,{\mathbb C})}$ character variety of a one-holed torus
• Necessary and sufficient conditions for McShane's identity and variations
• A new identity for \(\text{SL}(2,\mathbf{C})\)-characters of the once punctured torus group
• On the character variety of the four-holed sphere
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2149896

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Cited in

(32)

• Corrigendum to ``Generalized Markoff maps and McShane's identity [Adv. Math. 217 (2008) 761-813]
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• McShane's identity in rank one symmetric spaces
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• A variation of McShane's identity for 2-bridge links
• A Proof of McShane's Identity Via Markoff Triples
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• Bowditch's Q-conditions and Minsky's primitive stability
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• Formal Markoff maps are positive
• On the absence of McShane-type identities for the outer space

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