The geometry of Markoff numbers
continued fractionsMarkoff quadratic irrationalitiesMarkoff spectrummodular surfacepunctured torusself-intersectionssimple closed geodesics
Structure of modular groups and generalizations; arithmetic groups (11F06) Homogeneous approximation to one number (11J04) Fuchsian groups and their generalizations (group-theoretic aspects) (20H10) Riemann surfaces (30F99) Dynamical systems of geometric origin and hyperbolicity (geodesic and horocycle flows, etc.) (37D40) Geodesic flows in symplectic geometry and contact geometry (53D25)
This article offers a very fine exposition of the result of Andrew Haas to the effect that the Markoff quadratic irrationalities and simple closed geodesics on the punctured torus H/\(\Gamma\) ' are identified. In addition, the article contains a discussion of the analogue of the necessary dynamics for Haas' theorem in the case of a torus, uniformized by the plane. Some interesting historical data are provided for this case, some of it concerning ancient astronomy. The article also discusses the author's own work on the description of the exact connection between continued fractions and the tracing of geodesics on the modular surface, H/\(\Gamma\) (1). The paper ends with the interesting speculation that perhaps there is also a nice structure for geodesics on a punctured torus that self-intersect precisely once. One typo: The citations for references 6 (Haas' paper) and 7 are reversed.
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