Signed ordered knotlike quandle presentations

DOI10.2140/AGT.2005.5.443MaRDI QIDQ2571353zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Sam Nelson

Publication date 1 November 2005

Published in Algebraic \& Geometric Topology (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0408375, https://eudml.org/doc/125905, http://www.emis.de/journals/UW/agt/AGTVol5/agt-5-20.abs.html

zbMATH Keywords

presentationsquandlesReidemeister movesvirtual knotswelded isotopy

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Planar graphs; geometric and topological aspects of graph theory (05C10) Generators, relations, and presentations of groups (20F05)

Abstract: We define enhanced presentations of quandles via generators and relations with additional information comprising signed operations and an order structure on the set of generators. Such a presentation determines a virtual link diagram up to virtual moves. We list formal Reidemeister moves in which Tietze moves on the presented quandle are accompanied by corresponding changes to the order structure. Omitting the order structure corresponds to replacing virtual isotopy by welded isotopy.

Review text

The author defines generalized quandle presentations, so called \textit{signed ordered knotlike quandle presentations} (SOKQ presentations) which are defined in such a way that they exactly represent a virtual knot diagram. The information in which order an arc overcrosses several other arcs is encoded in those presentations. The definition of a SOKQ presentation is rather straight forward. The author then studies the effect of Reidemeister moves of a virtual knot diagram on a SOKQ presentation and defines \textit{formal Reidemeister moves}. The main result is: Two SOKQ presentations present isotopic virtual knots if and only if they are related by a finite sequence of formal Reidemeister moves. This result is also elementary. At last he transmits his result in an obvious way to welded isotopy.

Recommendations

• Semiquandles and flat virtual knots
• Braid presentation of virtual knots and welded knots
• Virtual biquandles
• LONG VIRTUAL KNOTS AND THEIR INVARIANTS
• Bridge presentations of virtual knots

Cites work

• A classifying invariant of knots, the knot quandle
• Biquandles and virtual links
• Finite-type invariants of classical and virtual knots
• RACKS AND LINKS IN CODIMENSION TWO
• STABLE EQUIVALENCE OF KNOTS ON SURFACES AND VIRTUAL KNOT COBORDISMS
• State-sum invariants of knotted curves and surfaces from quandle cohomology
• The braid-permutation group
• The rack space
• Trunks and classifying spaces
• Virtual knot theory
• Virtual knots undetected by 1- and 2-strand bracket polynomials
• What is a virtual link?

Cited in

(2)

• Symbolic computation with finite quandles
• A quick note on homsets and diagrams

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