Local gap threshold for frustration-free spin systems

DOI10.1063/1.4962337zbMATH Open1347.81086arXiv1512.00088OpenAlexW2184173364MaRDI QIDQ2825540FDOQ2825540

Authors: David Gosset, Evgeny Mozgunov 

Publication date: 13 October 2016

Published in: Journal of Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We improve Knabe's spectral gap bound for frustration-free translation-invariant local Hamiltonians in 1D. The bound is based on a relationship between global and local gaps. The global gap is the spectral gap of a size-$m$ chain with periodic boundary conditions, while the local gap is that of a subchain of size $n<m$ with open boundary conditions. Knabe proved that if the local gap is larger than the threshold value $1/(n-1)$ for some $n>2$, then the global gap is lower bounded by a positive constant in the thermodynamic limit $mightarrowinfty$. Here we improve the threshold to $frac6n(n+1)$, which is better (smaller) for all $n>3$ and which is asymptotically optimal. As a corollary we establish a surprising fact about 1D translation-invariant frustration-free systems that are gapless in the thermodynamic limit: for any such system the spectral gap of a size-$n$ chain with open boundary conditions is upper bounded as $O(n^{-2})$. This contrasts with gapless frustrated systems where the gap can be $Theta(n^{-1})$. It also limits the extent to which the area law is violated in these frustration-free systems, since it implies that the half-chain entanglement entropy is $O(1/sqrtepsilon)$ as a function of spectral gap $epsilon$. We extend our results to frustration-free systems on a 2D square lattice.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1512.00088

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zbMATH Keywords

Knabe's spectral gap bound

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum coherence, entanglement, quantum correlations (81P40) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10) Many-body theory; quantum Hall effect (81V70) Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20) Continuum limits in quantum field theory (81T27)

Cites Work

• The spectral gap for some spin chains with discrete symmetry breaking
• An area law for one-dimensional quantum systems
• Energy gaps and elementary excitations for certain VBS-quantum antiferromagnets.
• Exponential decay of correlations implies area law
• Entanglement versus gap for one-dimensional spin systems
• Gapped and gapless phases of frustration-free spin-\(\frac{1}{2}\) chains
• Ground state entanglement in one-dimensional translationally invariant quantum systems
• Spectral gap amplification

Cited In (21)

• Ground-state spaces of frustration-free Hamiltonians
• Stability of frustration-free Hamiltonians
• Spectral gaps for the two-species product vacua and boundary states models on the \(d\)-dimensional lattice
• Quasi-locality bounds for quantum lattice systems. II: perturbations of frustration-free spin models with gapped ground states
• Local stability of ground states in locally gapped and weakly interacting quantum spin systems
• Spectral gaps and incompressibility in a \(\nu = 1/3\) fractional quantum Hall system
• A class of two-dimensional AKLT models with a gap
• Entanglement subvolume law for 2D frustration-free spin systems
• Stability of the bulk gap for frustration-free topologically ordered quantum lattice systems
• On a bulk gap strategy for quantum lattice models
• The AKLT model on a hexagonal chain is gapped
• Finite-size criteria for spectral gaps in 𝐷-dimensional quantum spin systems
• A bulk spectral gap in the presence of edge states for a truncated pseudopotential
• Gapped and gapless phases of frustration-free spin-\(\frac{1}{2}\) chains
• Gapped PVBS models for all species numbers and dimensions
• Divide and conquer method for proving gaps of frustration free Hamiltonians
• Spectral gaps of frustration-free spin systems with boundary
• On renormalization and the local gap method for proving frustration-free local spin chains are gapped
• Thermalization in Kitaev’s quantum double models via tensor network techniques
• Quantitatively improved finite-size criteria for spectral gaps
• Improved bounds on the spectral gap above frustration-free Ground states of quantum spin chains

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