Dynamics near the subcritical transition of the 3D Couette flow. I: Below threshold case

DOI10.1090/MEMO/1294zbMATH Open1444.35002arXiv1506.03720OpenAlexW3044866947MaRDI QIDQ3299496FDOQ3299496

Authors: Jacob Bedrossian, P. Germain, Nader Masmoudi 

Publication date: 23 July 2020

Published in: Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study small disturbances to the periodic, plane Couette flow in the 3D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations at high Reynolds number $extbfRe$. We prove that for sufficiently regular initial data of size $epsilonleq{c}_{0}extbf{Re}^{-1}$ for some universal $c_0>0$, the solution is global, remains within $O(c_0)$ of the Couette flow in $L^2$, and returns to the Couette flow as $tightarrowinfty$. For times $tgtrsimextbf{Re}^{1/3}$, the streamwise dependence is damped by a mixing-enhanced dissipation effect and the solution is rapidly attracted to the class of "2.5 dimensional" streamwise-independent solutions referred to as streaks. Our analysis contains perturbations that experience a transient growth of kinetic energy from $O(extbf{Re}^{-1})$ to $O(c_0)$ due to the algebraic linear instability known as the lift-up effect. Furthermore, solutions can exhibit a direct cascade of energy to small scales. The behavior is very different from the 2D Couette flow, in which stability is independent of $extbfRe$, enstrophy experiences a direct cascade, and inviscid damping is dominant (resulting in a kind of inverse energy cascade). In 3D, inviscid damping will play a role on one component of the velocity, but the primary stability mechanism is the mixing-enhanced dissipation. Central to the proof is a detailed analysis of the interplay between the stabilizing effects of the mixing and enhanced dissipation and the destabilizing effects of the lift-up effect, vortex stretching, and weakly nonlinear instabilities connected to the non-normal nature of the linearization.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1506.03720

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zbMATH Keywords

high Reynolds numberlift-up effect, inviscid dampingplane periodic Couette flow

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Stability in context of PDEs (35B35) Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Nonlinear effects in hydrodynamic stability (76E30) Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to partial differential equations (35-02) Parallel shear flows in hydrodynamic stability (76E05) Transition to turbulence (76F06) Shear flows and turbulence (76F10) Turbulent transport, mixing (76F25)

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