The SO(3) SO(3) U(1) Hubbard model on a square lattice in terms of c and fermions and deconfined -spinons and spinons

DOI10.1016/J.AOP.2011.09.001MaRDI QIDQ412125zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors J. M. P. Carmelo

Publication date 4 May 2012

Published in Annals of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1003.4499

zbMATH Keywords

Hubbard model on the square lattice global symmetryHubbard model rotated-electron descriptioninterplay of symmetry and electronic correlationsspinon confinement

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Applications of Lie groups to the sciences; explicit representations (22E70) Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20)

Abstract: In this paper a description of the energy eingenstates of the Hubbard model on the square lattice with nearest-neighbor transfer integral $t$, on-site repulsion $U$, and $N_a^{2}gg1$ sites in terms of occupancy configurations of charge $c$ fermions, spin-1/2 spinons, and $eta$-spin-1/2 $eta$-spinons is introduced. Such objects emerge from a suitable electron - rotated-electron unitary transformation. In chromodynamics the quarks have color but all quark-composite physical particles are color-neutral. Within our description the $eta$-spinon (and spinons) that are not invariant under the electron - rotated-electron unitary transformation have $eta$ spin 1/2 (and spin 1/2) but are part of $eta$-spin-neutral (and spin-neutral) $2u$-$eta$-spinon (and $2u$-spinon) composite $etau$ fermions (and $su$ fermions). Here $u=1,2,\mathrm{...}$ is the number of $eta$-spinon (and spinon) pairs. In turn, a well-defined number of independent spinons and independent $eta$-spinons are invariant under the electron - rotated-electron unitary transformation. Simple occupancy configurations of (i) the $c$ fermions, (ii) independent spinons and $2u$-spinon composite $su$ fermions, and (iii) independent $eta$-spinons and $2u$-$eta$-spinon composite $etau$ fermions generate an useful complete set of states. The configurations (i), (ii), and (iii) correspond to the state representations of the U(1), spin SU(2), and $eta$-spin SU(2) symmetries, respectively, associated with the model $SO(3)imesSO(3)imesU(1)=[SU(2)imesSU(2)imesU(1)]/Z_2^2$ global symmetry.

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Cited in

(5)

• Long-wavelength spin-effective actions for the infinite U Hubbard model
• Global \(SO(3) \times SO(3) \times U(1)\) symmetry of the Hubbard model on bipartite lattices
• Zero finite-temperature charge stiffness within the half-filled 1D Hubbard model
• The square-lattice quantum liquid of charge \(c\) fermions and spin-neutral two-spinon \(s\)1 fermions
• An application of the extended global \(\mathrm{SO}(3)\times\mathrm{SO}(3)\times\mathrm U(1)\) symmetry of the Hubbard model on a square lattice: the spinon, \(\eta\)-spinon, and \(c\) fermion description

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