scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1258146

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Publication:4229072





As indicated by its title, this book places emphasis upon the physical rather than the biological characteristics of DNA. However, to take into account the interests of a wide range of readers, the monograph begins with a brief excursion into molecular biology by including chapters on the main elements of DNA structure, dynamics, and functioning. Mechanical models of the DNA molecule of varying complexity are presented and are analyzed by classical methods. Experimental procedures used to examine the molecule are discussed. These include neutron, infrared, and Raman scattering , measurements of the speed of sound, microwave absorbtion, nuclear magnetic resonance, and hydrogen-tritium or hydrogen-deuterium exchange. Linear theories of DNA are treated as first approximations to a general theoretical description of the molecule, valid when its internal motions are small. Various nonlinear theories are considered to be second approximations that are required when the motions are larger. Nonlinear theories are categorized as ideal when the effects of the environment, structural inhomogeneity, and helicity are ignored, and nonideal otherwise. Separate chapters are devoted to ideal and nonideal models. Emphasis is placed upon soliton solutions of the equations of motion of these models. Ensembles of solitons produced by several nonlinear excitations are of special interest. Arguments are presented in favor of and against interpretation of experimental data in the framework of nonlinear concepts. Finally the functional properties of DNA are related to its nonlinear dynamics with the help of examples concerning (1) conformational transitions and waves, (2) regulation of transcription, (3) direction of the transcription process, and (4) DNA denaturation.




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