Quaternions and Cayley numbers: algebra and applications
This book is a good introduction to the mathematical theory of quaternions and Cayley numbers. However, I think that it is incomplete in many senses. From the historical point of view it fails to mention the work of Olinde Rodrigues on rotations, that anticipated in four years Hamilton's discovery. This statement has not been obtained in the reviewer's family book of records, it can be found, e.g. in \textit{S. L. Altman}, Rotations, quaternions and double groups, Clarendon Press, Oxford (1986). Next in my criticism is the following: the main idea of the author's presentation of complex quaternions and octonions is to give a geometrical interpretation of these numbers. However, the geometrical interpretation becomes confused when he introduces complex quaternions. I think that a clear geometric interpretation of quaternions and in particular of complex quaternions [which is isomorphic to the Clifford algebra \({\mathfrak C}{\mathfrak l}(3,0)\) (called Pauli algebra)] appears only when one makes full use of the so-called multivector calculus developed by D. Hestenes. (In this case it becomes obvious from the very beginning that \(i\) must be the volume element which acts on multivectors as the Hodge dual operator acts on multiforms.) This is more so when we go to applications in physics. Concerning this issue, let us quote that besides Hestenes' books quoted by the author, serious students will benefit in studying also D. Hestenes, New foundations for classical mechanics, Kluwer Academic Publ., Dordrecht (1986; Zbl 0612.70001). The few references presented by the author do not do justice to the many applications of quaternions (and Clifford algebras) in physics. These are manifold and I will quote some references that will help interested readers. First, concerning quaternionic quantum mechanics: (1) \textit{S. L. Adler}, Quaternionic quantum mechanics and quantum fields, Oxford UP (1995); (2) \textit{S. L. Adler}, Preon Model, Phys. Lett. 332 B, 358 (1994). (In this paper, Adler proposed that the color degree of freedom postulated in the Harari-Shupe schemes [Phys. Lett. 86 B, 83 and 87 (1979)] could be sought in a non-commutative extension of standard quantum mechanics.) Concerning the use of quaternions in complex geometry some references are: (1) \textit{S. De Leo} and \textit{P. Rotelli}, Quaternionic electroweak theory, J. Phys. 622, 1137 (1996); (2) \textit{S. De Leo}, Quaternions for GUTs, Int. J. Theor. Phys. 35, No. 9, 1821-1837 (1996); (3) \textit{S. De Leo} and \textit{W. A. Rodrigues jun.}, Quantum mechanics: from complex to quaternions, to appear in Int. J. Theor. Phys. 36, No. 12 (1997). I take the opportunity to say that the reference quoted by the author: \textit{J. Edmonds}, Nature's natural numbers: Relativistic quantum theory over the ring of complex quaternions, Int. J. Theory. Phys. 6, 205 (1972) contains a serious drawback: that the Dirac equation with complexified quaternions gives a ``doubling of solutions. This problem is overcome in: \textit{S. De Leo}, Int. J. Modern Phys. A 11, 3973 (1996). In this respect, I must quote also a forthcoming paper by \textit{S. De Leo} and \textit{W. A. Rodrigues jun.}, Quaternionic Dirac equation, RP 72/97 IMECC-UNICAMP. For new applications of quaternions in relativity I quote: \textit{S. De Leo}, Quaternions and special relativity, J. Math. Phys. 37, No. 6, 2955-2968 (1996). Finally, for genuine new ways of using octonions in quantum mechanics, I quote: (1) \textit{S. De Leo} and \textit{K. Abdel-Khalek}, Progr. Theor. Phys. 96, 823 and 833 (1996); (2) \textit{S. De Leo} and \textit{K. Abdel-Khalek}, J. Math. Phys. 38, 582 (1997). For completeness' sake, I inform the reader also that the formulation of electromagnetism using complex quaternions, which is the topic of section 3.5, is usually attributed to \textit{M. Riesz}, (``Sur certaines notions fondamentales en théorie quantique relativiste, 10. Scand. Mat. Kongr., Kobenhavn 1946, 123-148 (1947; Zbl 0030.42402); Collected papers, 545-570). But, before Riesz, electromagnetism has been formulated using complex quaternions by \textit{L. Silberstein}, The theory of relativity, Macmillan, London (1914). Maybe, it will be helpful to the readers also to know that the famous lectures at Maryland by M. Riesz (quoted by the author) are now published in book form with a nice introduction by P. Lounesto. The reference is: \textit{M. Riesz}, ``Clifford numbers and spinors, edited by E. F. Bolinder and P. Lounesto, Kluwer Acad. Publ., Dordrecht (1993; Zbl 0823.15028). Finally, it is necessary to say that there are many applications of Clifford algebras in Mathematical Physics (quaternions and complexified quaternions, as explained in the author's book, are particular Clifford algebras). Four international conferences already happened and the proceedings, called Clifford Algebras and their Applications in Mathematical Physics, have been published by Kluwer. Also, there is now an international Journal called ``Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras that is being regularly published (Un. Nac. Autónoma de México) since 1990. In resume, I can say that the author's book will be a good aquisition for any mathematical or physical library, but (unfortunately) it only touches the surface of a very important and beautiful subject.
- Hadamard matrices of Williamson type: A challenge for computer algebra
- Solution to a system of real quaternion matrix equations encompassing \(\eta\)-Hermicity
- \(p\)-trigonometric approach to elliptic biquaternions
- On quaternionic numerical ranges with respect to nonstandard involutions
- A new polar representation for split and dual split quaternions
- On the quaternionic inclined curves in the semi-Euclidean space \(E_{2}^{4}\)
- Clifford numbers and spinors. Ed. by E. Folke Bolinder, Pertti Lounesto
- Rigid body dynamics with a scalable body, quaternions and perfect constraints
- Dynamics of spatial beams in quaternion description based on the Newmark integration scheme
- Functional equations for vector products and quaternions
- Determinantal inequalities of Hua-Marcus-Zhang type for quaternion matrices
- On some combinatorial properties of \(P(r,n)\)-Pell quaternions
- Slice regular functions and orthogonal complex structures over \(\mathbb{R}^8\)
- Polynomial rooting-based DOA estimation algorithm for vector-sensor arrays using quaternions
- Quaternionic approach of slant ruled surfaces
- 3-parameter generalized quaternions
- Biquaternion extensions of analytic functions
- Differential equations of null quaternionic curves
- Quaternionic quantum mechanics in real Hilbert space
- Analytic extensions of functions of Cayley-Dickson variables
- On the boundedness of quaternionic numerical ranges with respect to nonstandard involutions
- Octonionic Kerzman-Stein operators
- Screw surfaces
- The general solution of quaternion matrix equation having \(\eta \)-skew-Hermicity and its Cramer's rule
- Polar decomposition of complexified quaternions and octonions
- Velocity-based approach in non-linear dynamics of three-dimensional beams with enforced kinematic compatibility
- Quaternionic approach of canal surfaces constructed by some new ideas
- A new representation of canal surfaces with split quaternions in Minkowski 3-space
- Constant ratio quaternionic curves in Euclidean spaces
- On the bi-periodic Lucas octonions
- The lengths of the quaternion and octonion algebras
- The classifications of quaternionic osculating curves in \(\mathbb{Q}^{4}\)
- Bicomplex \(k\)-Pell quaternions
- Complex and hypercomplex discrete Fourier transforms based on matrix exponential form of Euler's formula
- Affine and wrap quasi-algebras over octonions
- Pexiderized functional equations for vector products and quaternions
- Quaternion involutions and anti-involutions
- The BMV-conjecture over quaternions and octonions
- Tighter Heisenberg-Weyl type uncertainty principle associated with quaternion wavelet transform
- The h(x)-Fibonacci quaternion polynomials: some combinatorial properties
- The Pell quaternions and the Pell octonions
- A note on Jacobsthal quaternions
- On solutions to the matrix equations \(XB-AX=CY\) and \(XB-A\hat{X}=CY\)
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6695062 (Why is no real title available?)
- The modified Pell and the modified \(k\)-Pell quaternions and octonions
- A generalization of Fibonacci and Lucas quaternions
- Zur Zahlentheorie der Quaternionen-Algebren.
- Division algebras of slice functions
- Biquaternion noncircular MUSIC
- Elliptic biquaternion algebra
- Involutions of complexified quaternions and split quaternions
- On a virtual work consistent three-dimensional Reissner-Simo beam formulation using the quaternion algebra
- On the quaternionic \(B _{2}\)-slant helices in the Euclidean space \(E ^{4}\)
- A new approach to constant slope surfaces with quaternions
- On the quaternionic \(B_{2}\) slant helices in the semi-Euclidean space \(E^4_2\)
- Glimpses of the octonions and quaternions history and today's applications in quantum physics
- Literature survey on non-associative rings and developments
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2156374 (Why is no real title available?)
- Quaternionic electrodynamics
- Best pair of two skew lines over the octonions
- The generalized bi-periodic Fibonacci quaternions and octonions
- Special Bertrand curves in semi-Euclidean space E^4_2 and their characterizations
- A note on h(x)-Fibonacci quaternion polynomials
- On bicomplex third-order Jacobsthal numbers
- Quaternionic osculating curves in Euclidean and semi-Euclidean space
- A note on hyperbolic (p,q)-Fibonacci quaternions
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7546761 (Why is no real title available?)
- In praise of quaternions
- Dual quaternionic (n-1)-spaces defined by special Jordan algebras of dimension 4n^2-2n
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7163071 (Why is no real title available?)
- A new type of quaternionic frame in \(\mathbb{R}^4\)
- Quaternionic approach on constant angle surfaces in \(\mathbb{S}^2\times\mathbb{R}\)
- The construction of circular surfaces with quaternions
- A new representation of constant angle surfaces in \(\mathbb{H}^2\times \mathbb{R}\) with split quaternions
- Explicit formulas and determinantal representation for η-skew-Hermitian solution to a system of quaternion matrix equations
- Minimal ranks of some quaternion matrix expressions with applications
- Matrices over Quaternion Algebras
- Quaternionic slice regularity beyond slice domains
- Augmented second-order statistics of quaternion random signals
- Theories and applications associated with biquaternion linear canonical transform
- Generalization of compressible fluid equations in terms of complexified octonions
- Almansi decomposition of polynomials of quaternionic Dirac operators
- Gaussian quaternion involving Leonardo numbers
- Spherical kinematics in 3-dimensional generalized space
- Fundamental representations and algebraic properties of biquaternions or complexified quaternions
- Quaternions and homothetic motions in Euclidean and Lorentzian spaces
- Integrating rotation from angular velocity
- Hyper-number generalized quaternions
- The quaternion-based three-dimensional beam theory
- Uncertainty principles for the biquaternion offset linear canonical transform
- Quaternion convolutional neural networks: current advances and future directions
- On 3-parameter quaternions with higher order generalized Fibonacci numbers components
- Which Fueter-regular functions are holomorphic?
- The continuous quaternion wavelet transform on distribution spaces
- Paley-Wiener isomorphism over infinite-dimensional unitary groups
- On quaternion-Gaussian third-order Jacobsthal polynomials
- Klein-Gordon equation within the real Hilbert space formalism
- Self-interacting quantum particles
- On split-octonionic curves
- Discrete biquaternion linear canonical transform
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