Regularity theory and high order numerical methods for the (1D)-fractional Laplacian

DOI10.1090/MCOM/3276zbMATH Open1409.65111arXiv1608.08443OpenAlexW2511053218MaRDI QIDQ4637579FDOQ4637579

Authors: Gabriel Acosta, Juan Pablo Borthagaray, O. P. Bruno, Martín Maas 

Publication date: 24 April 2018

Published in: Mathematics of Computation (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: This paper presents regularity results and associated high-order numerical methods for one-dimensional Fractional-Laplacian boundary-value problems. On the basis of a factorization of solutions as a product of a certain edge-singular weight $omega$ times a "regular" unknown, a characterization of the regularity of solutions is obtained in terms of the smoothness of the corresponding right-hand sides. In particular, for right-hand sides which are analytic in a Bernstein Ellipse, analyticity in the same Bernstein Ellipse is obtained for the "regular" unknown. Moreover, a sharp Sobolev regularity result is presented which completely characterizes the co-domain of the Fractional-Laplacian operator in terms of certain weighted Sobolev spaces introduced in (Babuv{s}ka and Guo, SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 2002). The present theoretical treatment relies on a full eigendecomposition for a certain weighted integral operator in terms of the Gegenbauer polynomial basis. The proposed Gegenbauer-based Nystr"om numerical method for the Fractional-Laplacian Dirichlet problem, further, is significantly more accurate and efficient than other algorithms considered previously. The sharp error estimates presented in this paper indicate that the proposed algorithm is spectrally accurate, with convergence rates that only depend on the smoothness of the right-hand side. In particular, convergence is exponentially fast (resp. faster than any power of the mesh-size) for analytic (resp. in nitely smooth) right-hand sides. The properties of the algorithm are illustrated with a variety of numerical results.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1608.08443

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zbMATH Keywords

fractional LaplacianGegenbauer polynomialshypersingular integral equationshigh-order numerical methods

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Smoothness and regularity of solutions to PDEs (35B65) Numerical methods for integral equations (65R20) Orthogonal polynomials and functions of hypergeometric type (Jacobi, Laguerre, Hermite, Askey scheme, etc.) (33C45)

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Cited In (35)

• A novel spectral Galerkin/Petrov-Galerkin algorithm for the multi-dimensional space-time fractional advection-diffusion-reaction equations with nonsmooth solutions
• Exponential Convergence of \(hp\)-FEM for the Integral Fractional Laplacian in Polygons
• Existence and probabilistic representation of the solutions of semilinear parabolic PDEs with fractional Laplacians
• Error analysis of a collocation method on graded meshes for a fractional Laplacian problem
• Fokker-Planck equation driven by asymmetric Lévy motion
• A computational method for solving variable-order fractional nonlinear diffusion-wave equation
• Finite element approximations for fractional evolution problems
• A short FE implementation for a 2d homogeneous Dirichlet problem of a fractional Laplacian
• Weighted Sobolev regularity and rate of approximation of the obstacle problem for the integral fractional Laplacian
• Analysis and Petrov-Galerkin numerical approximation for variable coefficient two-sided fractional diffusion, advection, reaction equations
• Optimal regularity and error estimates of a spectral Galerkin method for fractional advection-diffusion-reaction equations
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• Numerical methods for fractional diffusion
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• Fractional elliptic problems on Lipschitz domains: regularity and approximation
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Uses Software

• FastGaussQuadrature

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